Project Delivery Models - COMPLETE Flashcards
Design-Bid-Build
Best for: cost, risk
Arch is agent for owner
contractor builds project for fixed price within contract time
Contracts used for Design-Bid-Build
B101 (O+A), A201 (Gen Conditions), A101(O+C)
D-B-B Negotiated Select Team
Best for: quality, cost
contractor selected early
contract terms determined before cd’s are complete
subcontractors are selected post cd’s
D-B-B Cost and Fixed Fee
best for: scope
contractor is paid variable rate determined by labor, material, overhead, and established profit fee
selected after cds
CM-Advisor
best for: risk, quality
CM serves as advisor to owner
Does NOT build
CM selected from beginning to consult on constructibility and cost
contractor assumes typical role for construction
can be delivered under D-B-B method
Contractors used in CM-Advisor
B132 (O+A), C132 (CM-a+O), A132 (O+C), A232 (O+C)
CM-Agent
Best for: risk, time
similar to cm-advisor but cm-agent assumes more authority through an ‘agency agreement’
cm-agent’s scope extends beyond consqrucibilty and cost to a central role coordinating design and construction teams
contracts with owner only
Contracts in CM-Agent
B132 (O+A), C132 (CM-ag+O/A), A132 (O+C), A232 (O+C)
CM-Constructor
best for: time, cost, risk
singe contract for construction management and construction
CM-c provides estimation, scheduling, purchasing before transitioning to contractor
CM-c “At Risk” means there is a contractually guaranteed GMP
CM-Constructor contract types
B133 (O+A),A132 (O+C), A232 (O+C)
Design-Bid-Build Pro’s?
competitive bidding reduces costs
roles are well defined, coordination is minimal, and traditional contracts reduce risk
Design-Bid-Build Cons?
slow process
design is finished before construction is discussed
adversarial relationships result in highest likelihood for claims
Design-Bid-Build price determination?
competitively bid after cd’s are complete
D-B-B Negotiated Select Team Pro’s?
good for complex portions of a project
D-B-B Negotiated Select Team con’s?
the role of GC is not competitively bid
D-B-B Negotiated Select Team Pricing determination?
determined after CD’s are complete
D-B-B Cost and Fixed Fee pros?
good for unpredictable scope
contractor’s profit is disassociated from increases to construction cost
D-B-B Cost and Fixed Fee cons?
role of GC is not competitively bid
less incentive to construct quickly
D-B-B Cost and Fixed Fee pricing?
final price determined at completion
CM-Advisor pros?
owner receives construction advice from onset of project
GC role can be competitively bid
CM-Advisor cons?
multiple parties consulting on the construction process can create complications
CM-Advisor pricing?
determined as early as 100%dd
Fixed price
cost-plus-fixed fee w/ or w/out GMP
CM-Agent pros?
owner receives construction advice from onset of project
owner receives cm-agent’s coordination services between th design and construction teams throughout construction
GC can be competivtely bid
CM-Agent cons?
multiple parties consulting on construction process can create complications
CM-Agent pricing?
determined as early as 100%dd
Fixed price
cost-plus-fixed fee w/ or w/out GMP
CM- Constructor pros?
simple contractual setup for owner
CM-c provides extensive preconstruction and construction roles
cm-c able to coordinate fast tracking of certain scopes
CM-Constructor cons?
CM-C role cannot be competitively bid
without GMP, CM-c is incentivized inflate the cost (they are both estimator + contractor)
CM-Constructor pricing?
determined as early as 100%dd
Fixed price
cost-plus-fixed fee w/ or w/out GMP
Design-Bid
best for: risk, cost, time
single contractor between owner and construction/design entity
owner provides set of criteria, design-build entity develops design with a proposed contract sum
db entity has comprehensive responsibility for design and execution
Design-Build contracts?
A141 (O + A/C)
Design-Build pros?
owner contracts with single entity
absence of bidding process expedites construction
owner is given price info immediately
Design-Build cons?
owner has less control over the design and quality (without arch to act as separate check on the contractor)
owner needs to know their needs and scope immediately
owner assumes CA duties
Design Build pricing?
after concept design, a fixed price is provided
detailed budget and scheduling discussed and reviewed post award
D-B Bridging
Best for: risk, quality
arch/engineer hired as consultant at start of process
A/E develops project requirements, prelim scope of dwgs
A/E hires D-B firm to take over project
A/E review work of DB firm on behalf of owner
D-B Bridging Contracts
A141 (O + A/C), C141 (A/E + O)
D-B Bridging pros?
responsibility is taken off of owner and passed to A/E (who is owner’s rep)
project can be competitively bid amongst DB firms
owner is given price info early, after competitive bidding process
D-B Birding cons?
multiple parties consulting on construction process can create complications
D-B Bridging price?
determined after competitive bidding process
based on A/E prelim scope dwgs
Design - Assist contracting
best for: complexity
specialty contractors are included early in the design phase to develop and draw complex or proprietary construction details
Design-Assist contracting contracts?
*exists within any model, A+Sub
Design-Assist contracting pro’s?
more accurate and efficient working dwgs
improved cost control estimation
Design-Assist contracting cons?
arch must help in developing requirements of the work and subcontractor selection
Design-Assist contracting pricing?
reduced cost of select complex scopes
Integrated Project Delivery
best for: quality, time, cost
arch, contractor, owner, and project-specified prime consultants enter a collaborative agreement
IPD contracts
B195 (O+A), A295 (O+C), A195 (O+C), C191/C195 (O+A+C)
IPD pros?
all parties are incentives to optimize design, improve costs, enhance quality, avoid confrontation
no litigation
IPD cons?
requires more organization and planning
owner must be fully involved and committed
legal issues may arise from sharing of intellectual property
IPD pricing?
target cost is usually developed early through various contract alternatives
What DM is driven by Cost?
Design-Bid-Build
In DBB, when is construction cost determined?
after design (with the exception of cost plus fixed fee approach - this is determined at completion)
What DM is driven by quality?
DBB, negotiated select team
What DM is driven by scope?
DBB, cost plus fixed fee
What DM is driven by time?
CM-constructor
What DM(s) is driven by risk?
CM-advisor, CM-agent, DB
What drives DBB ?
- Cost
- Risk
What drives DBB negotiated select team?
- Quality
- Cost
What drives DBB cost plus fixed fee?
- Scope
What drives CM-advisor?
- Risk
- Quality
What drives CM-agent?
- Risk
- Time
What drives CM-constructor?
- Time
- Risk + Cost
What drives DB?
- Risk
- Cost
What drives DB bridging?
- Risk
- Quality
What DM’s determine construction cost after design phase?
DBB (standard + negotiated select team)
CM-constructor
DB Bridging
What DM’s determine construction cost at completion of project?
DBB cost plus fixed fee
CM-agent
What DM’s determine construction cost before design phase?
DB
What DM’s don’t determine construction costs?
CM-adivser
