Progressive Era Flashcards

1
Q

1845

A

Texas is annexed into the United States.

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2
Q

1861

A

The Civil War begins.

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3
Q

1876

A

The Texas State Constitution is written.

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4
Q

1901

A

Spindletop erupts oil.

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5
Q

Laws discriminating against African Americans.

A

Jim Crow Laws.

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6
Q

The practice of drinking little to no alcohol.

A

Temperance.

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7
Q

Exclusive possession or control.

A

Monopoly.

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8
Q

The right to vote.

A

Suffrage.

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9
Q

Put to death, usually by hanging, without a legal trial.

A

Lynch.

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10
Q

Business or organization owned and operated by the people who work in it or who use its services.

A

Cooperative.

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11
Q

A reform movement that tried to correct social and political problems.

A

Progressivism.

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12
Q

A combination of companies formed by agreement to reduce competition.

A

Trust.

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13
Q

A building equipped to refine or process products such as oil, metals, and sugar.

A

Refinery.

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14
Q

A town that experiences sudden growth in population and business.

A

Boomtown.

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15
Q

A framework or tower that supports a drill that digs for oil.

A

Derrick.

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16
Q

A person who urges or works for improvement or change.

A

Reformer.

17
Q

A form of city government in which citizens elect officials to head departments such as public safety and human services.

A

Commission.

18
Q

An election in which party members choose the party’s candidates for the general election.

A

Primary Election.

19
Q

The ability to read and write.

A

Literacy.

20
Q

A tax of a fixed amount that a voter must pay in order to vote.

A

Poll Tax.

21
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

-Must attend segregated schools
-Had to live on the poor side of town
-Must use segregated water fountains and restrooms.

22
Q

James Hogg

A

An attorney and governor who targeted unfair railroad businesses by setting fair shipping rates and watching over railroad practices. He created the Texas Railroad Commission.

23
Q

Oil

A

Used for medicine and producing light. It was discovered at Corsicana and erupted from Spindletop in 1901. It helped create boomtowns in Texas and increase the lumber industry.

24
Q

Railroad Practices

A

Several railroad companies charged high shipping rates.

25
Q

Democratic Party

A

Wanted to undo Reconstruction and limit government power.

26
Q

Populist Party

A

Created to make farmers more politically active and have their own political party.

27
Q

The Grange

A

Created so farmers could get what they needed for cheap through cooperative stores.

28
Q

Farmers’ Alliance

A

Created to fight against unfair railroad practices through lobbying congress and petitioning.

29
Q

Anti-Trust Act

A

Outlawed monopolistic business practices such as businesses joining together to create high prices.

30
Q

Texas Railroad Commission

A

Created by James Hogg to set fair railroad shipping rates and watch over railroad practices.

31
Q

WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Union)

A

Created to gain women suffrage so they could enact a temperance act and ban alcohol.

32
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished slavery.

33
Q

14th Amendment

A

Gave citizenship to African Americans.

34
Q

15th Amendment

A

Gave African American men the right to vote.

35
Q

18th Amendment

A

Banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol illegal in the United States.

36
Q

19th Amendment

A

Gave women the right to vote.

37
Q

Terrell Election Law

A

Required major political parties to hold primary elections. It made voting more democratic.

38
Q

Plessy vs. Ferguson

A

The case established the constitutionality of segregation. The decision of “Seperate but Equal” allowed for African Americans to be discriminated until 1954 when it was overturned.

39
Q

Spindletop

A

A drilling site that erupted an enormous geyser of oil for in 1901 for 9 days straight until it was sealed off.