Progression test 1

Question 1

What is a mesothelioma

Answer 1

Cancer of the mesothelium (lining of organ) most commonly seen in asbestosis

Question 2

What is normal glucose fasting and non fasting

Answer 2

Fasting- 4-6 mmol/L

Non fasting- <7.8 mmol/L

Question 3

What waist/hip ratio indicates obesity

Answer 3

1

Question 4

What is bronchiectasis?

definition + presentation + causes

Answer 4

Disease in which there is permanent airway enlargement.
Usually presents with chronic productive cough, can progress to haemoptosis
Causes: Acquired (childhood infections, TB, pneumonia, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis), Congenital (CF)

Question 5

What is Goodpasture syndrome?

definition + presentation + causes

Answer 5

Autoimmune disease in which antigen in basement membrane of lungs and kidneys are attacked.
Haemptosis, SOB, chest pain, odema
Unknown cause, but anything that insults lungs may get blood to antigens e.g. infection and tobacco

Question 6

What is wegener’s granulomatosis

definition + presentation + causes

Answer 6

systemic autoimmune vasculitis
Runny nose, stuffiness, sinus infections and nosebleeds
Productive cough, SOB
Fever
Malaise
Numbness in your limbs, fingers or toes
Weight loss
Hematuria
bruising
Ear infections
No known cause possibly triggered by infection/inflammation

Question 7

What is Acute respiratory distress syndrome

definition + presentation + causes

Answer 7

Disease in critically ill patients characterised by widespread inflammation of lungs
Symptoms start hours after cause: SOB, tachypnoea, hypoxia
Caused by major disease e.g. trauma, sepsis etc.

Question 8

What is allergic alveolitis

definition + presentation + causes

Answer 8

Diffuse, granulomatous inflammation of the lung parenchyma and airways
Flu like symtoms
fever
chest tightness
dry cough
dyspnoea
tachypnoea
Comes on within hours of exposure
Allergens include: bird dust, mouldy hay, cheese mould, mouldy malt.

Question 9

What is a common lung complication of stroke

Answer 9

pneumonia

Question 10

What is HbA1c + what is it used for clinically + what are normal and abnormal levels

Answer 10

glycated haemoglobin which identifies average plasma glucose
Used in diagnosis and control of diabetes
Normal - 42 mmol/mol

Question 11

What dental changes occur in addisons

Answer 11

brown gums (intraoral pigmentation)

Question 12

what is vocal fremitus

Answer 12

spoken words heard through stethoscope (ninty-nine)

Question 13

Pneumonia definition

Answer 13

acute lower respiratory illness with fever and chest signs and symptoms with chest x ray changes