Progression exam - core studies Flashcards
What are the 8 core studies you need to know?
- Milgram
- Bocchiaro
- Piliavin
- Levine
- Sperry
- Casey
- Blakemore and cooper
- Maguire
What is the aim of Milgrams experiment?
To investigate how obedient people are to orders from a person in authority that would result in pain and harm to another person
What is the independent variable in Milgrams study?
There is no independent variable
What is the dependent variable in Milgrams study?
Obedience - maximum level of shock administered by participant
What is the aim of Bocchiaros experiment?
To investigate the rates of obedience, disobedience and whistleblowing in a situation where no physical harm was involved but where it was quite clear that the instructions were ethically wrong
What is the independent variable in Bochiarros study?
There is no independent variable
What is the depedent variable in Bocchiaros study?
Obedience, disobedience and whistleblowing on the experimenter
–> obedience: whether participants wrote the letter
–> disobedient: participants refused to write the letter
–> whistle-blowing: participants snitched in the letter
What is the aim of Piliavins study?
To investigate bystander behaviour by seeing how people would react if someone collapsed on the New York underground
What is the independent variable/s in Piliavins study?
- The type of victim - drunk or ill
- The race of victim
- Effect of a model helping
What is the dependent variable in Piliavins study?
Bystander behaviour - number of bystanders, frequency of witness help, time taken to help, sex/ race of helper
What is the aim of Levines study?
To investigate differences in non-emergency helping behaviour towards strangers in a range of cultures and to understand differences in terms of cultural traditions and economic productivity
What is the independent variable/s in Levines study?
Whether participants saw the experimenter drop a pen, wear a leg brace and limp and then drop magazines, or be blind with a cane signalling for help to cross a road
What is the dependent variable in Levines study?
Helping behaviour
–> dropped pen: Whether someone picked up and gave pen back to experimenter
–> Leg brace: offering to help/ picking up magazines without offering
–> Blind: whether participants let experimenter know light was green or stopped them before light was green
What is the aim of Sperrys study?
To investigate the effects of hemispheric deconnection on perception and memory
What is the independent variable of Sperrys study?
Whether participants had a split-brain or normal one
What is the dependent variable in Sperrys study?
Participants levels of perception and memory
–> their performance on visual and tactile tasks
What is the aim of Caseys study?
To test whether delay of gratification in childhood predicts impulse self-control abilities in adulthood
What is the independent variable in Caseys study?
“high delayers” or “low delayers”
What is the dependent variable in Caseys study?
Performance on the impulse control task
–> no go/ go task
What is the aim of Blakemore and Coopers study?
To test whether kittens raised in an environment of vertical or horizontal stripes would develop normal vision
What is the independent variable in Blakemore and Coopers study?
Whether kittens were raised in a horizontal or vertical enrivonment
What was the dependent variable in Blakemore and Coopers study?
Whether the kitten raised in horizontal environment could detect vertically aligned objects
What was the aim of Maguires study?
To investigate whether doing a job that demands navigational experience, and spending more years in that job, affect the volume of the hippocampus
What is the independent variable in Maguires study?
Whether participants were London taxi drivers or non-taxi drivers
