Programming Fundamentals Flashcards
What are the three Design Phase stages in order?
Requirement Analysis
Program Design
Coding
A structured solution to abstract technical details that provides a graphical depiction of any process.
Flowchart (one word)
A structured written representation of a process to leave a clear idea of the logical steps necessary to solve a problem, abstract of syntax and technical details.
Pseudocode
___ is the process of testing the parts of a program. The tests used are created prior to the Testing and Deployment Phase
Unit Testing
You’re testing each unit as you go
Beta Testing is conducted by a limited group of customers with ____ on a real system in the environment it will work inside.
Real Data (putting the program into practice)
Testing done by a separate team that is not developing the application is known as ____.
Quality Assurance (QA)
Testing done by a team separate from the development team. Testing is based on the requirements documentation, intended use, and error handling.
Quality Assurance (QA) Testing
Testing done by the end-user to ensure the software meets the users needs.
Beta Testing
Testing done by the programmer during the development phase of the SDLC.
Unit Testing
What does SDLC stand for?
Software Development Life Cycle
Which Support phase maintenance category is a modification of software performed to keep the software usable in a changing environment.
Adaptive Maintenance
What are the four Support Phase maintenance categories?
Adaptive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Perfective Maintenance
Pre-vent-ive (not Pre-vent-at-ive) Maintenance
Which Support phase maintenance category is a reactive modification of software performed to correct discovered problems.
Corrective Maintenance
Which Support phase maintenance category is a modification of software performed to improve/enhance performance of maintainability.
Perfective Maintenance
Which Support phase maintenance category is a modification of software performed to detect and correct latent faults before they become effective faults.
Preventive Maintenance
The debugging method where the program prints program status to a log file instead of to the screen.
Logs
The debugging method that allows the programmer to step through the program one line at a time.
Debugging tools
The debugging method where output statements are added to display program state, variable values, or markers to identify where issues reside.
Print Statements
The methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs (defects) in a computer program is known as
Debugging
The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:
Fix bugs and add new features.
Support
The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:
Select a programming methodology and write the code.
Design
The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:
Ensure the program meets the needs of the customer.
Testing and Deployment
The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:
Determines what the program needs to do.
Requirements
Which programming language type requires the programmer to write in the native language of the computer?
Machine Language
What programming language type requires an assembler to produce an executable program?
Assembly Language
What Generation III programming language type requires a compiler to produce an executable program?
Compiled
What Generation III programming language type requires an interpreter on the computer where the program is running?
Interpreted/Scripting
What Generation III programming language type requires a virtual machine to translate byte code created by compiling the source code into byte code?
Just-In-Time (JIT)
Which programming language type is best for writing simple programs for automating routine tasks and allow the user to easily modify the program?
Interpreted/Scripting
Which programming language type is best for writing large programs that can be cross-platform?
Just-In-Time
Which programming language type is best for writing large complex programs that the user cannot modify?
Compiled
Which programming language type is best for writing small programs that talk directly to hardware?
Assembly
The process of taking a program from one programming language or system architecture and modifying it to work in a different language or architecture.
Porting
Attributes and behaviors that are defined by a class are known as ___ of that class.
Members
The specific features of an object
Characteristics
The defined actions an object can perform
Behaviors
The actions of an object
Methods
The defined characteristics of an object
Attributes
___ Programming makes program modular by grouping instructions together that perform a specific task.
Procedural (functions)
An instance of a class that does not exist until instantiated in the program.
object
Provides a means to access members (characteristics and methods) of an object:
Dot Notation
conceals functional details of a class, to include attributes and behaviors to help ensure the object’s integrity.
Encapsulation
A class (child class) receives attributes and behaviors from another class (parent class), and can also introduce new attributes and behaviors.
Inheritance
Allows a derived class member to be treated just like their parent class, but allows the child to modify the default behavior to achieve a different result.
Polymorphism
This methodology allows the data to control what actions are available and is the most complex.
object-oriented
A program is a series of instructions a computer follows to achieve a(n) ____. Most often this a problem that would take a long time for a human to solve.
goal
The process of how a program decides and then runs the next statement or block of code.
Program Flow
A structure that allows a selection of one or more different courses of action in a program’s flow of execution.
Branch, Branching, Branches
This type of structural component is a repetition structure which makes it possible to run the same sequence of statements more than once.
Loop, Looping, Loops
Without branching or looping, this is how a program’s normal flow of execution operates: one statement after another in a linear progression.
Sequential Action
Sometimes in the making of the logical process to solve a problem, you have to include a branching/looping structure inside of another branching/looping structure. This is known as:
Nesting
SLAM PCAL ‘cuz its LAME refers to what?
Stages of Compilation
What is the first stage of compilation?
Pre-processor
What is the second stage of compilation?
Compilation
What is the third stage of compilation?
Assembly
What is the fourth stage of compilation?
Linking
What are the four stages of compilation?
Pre-processor
Compilation
Assembly
Linking
What is the diddy for the whole stages of compilation cycle?
SLAM PCAL ‘cuz its LAME
SOURCE CODE gets PRE-PROCESSED into LOGICAL FILES
LOGICAL FILES get COMPILED into ASSEMBLY CODE
ASSEMBLY CODE gets ASSEMBLED into MACHINE CODE
MACHINE CODE gets LINKED with other libraries to make an EXECUTABLE FILE
What does the LAME portion of SLAM PCAL ‘cuz its LAME mean?
LAME is the first letter of the outputs
Logical File
Assembly Code
Machine Code (Object Code)
Executable File
What does the SLAM portion of SLAM PCAL ‘cuz its LAME mean?
SLAM is the first letter of the inputs
Source Code
Logical File
Assembly Code
Machine Code
program instructions in text format:
Source Code
The C++ compiler used in class is called:
g++
Allows a programmer to extract commonly used sections of code into their own sections independent of the main program.
functions
Are function parameters are globally scoped?
no
What are the four parts of a function definition in the order found as written in code.
Return Type, Function Name, Parameters, Function Body
A single line of code that informs the compiler and programmers of what a function expects as arguments and the kind of data the function will return.
function declaration
