Programming Fundamentals Flashcards by Ben Fair

What are the three Design Phase stages in order?

Requirement Analysis
Program Design
Coding

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A structured solution to abstract technical details that provides a graphical depiction of any process.

Flowchart (one word)

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A structured written representation of a process to leave a clear idea of the logical steps necessary to solve a problem, abstract of syntax and technical details.

Pseudocode

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___ is the process of testing the parts of a program. The tests used are created prior to the Testing and Deployment Phase

Unit Testing

You’re testing each unit as you go

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Beta Testing is conducted by a limited group of customers with ____ on a real system in the environment it will work inside.

Real Data
(putting the program into practice)

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Testing done by a separate team that is not developing the application is known as ____.

Quality Assurance (QA)

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Testing done by a team separate from the development team. Testing is based on the requirements documentation, intended use, and error handling.

Quality Assurance (QA) Testing

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Testing done by the end-user to ensure the software meets the users needs.

Beta Testing

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Testing done by the programmer during the development phase of the SDLC.

Unit Testing

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What does SDLC stand for?

Software Development Life Cycle

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Which Support phase maintenance category is a modification of software performed to keep the software usable in a changing environment.

Adaptive Maintenance

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What are the four Support Phase maintenance categories?

Adaptive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Perfective Maintenance
Pre-vent-ive (not Pre-vent-at-ive) Maintenance

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Which Support phase maintenance category is a reactive modification of software performed to correct discovered problems.

Corrective Maintenance

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Which Support phase maintenance category is a modification of software performed to improve/enhance performance of maintainability.

Perfective Maintenance

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Which Support phase maintenance category is a modification of software performed to detect and correct latent faults before they become effective faults.

Preventive Maintenance

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The debugging method where the program prints program status to a log file instead of to the screen.

Logs

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The debugging method that allows the programmer to step through the program one line at a time.

Debugging tools

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The debugging method where output statements are added to display program state, variable values, or markers to identify where issues reside.

Print Statements

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The methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs (defects) in a computer program is known as

Debugging

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The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:

Fix bugs and add new features.

Support

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The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:

Select a programming methodology and write the code.

Design

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The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:

Ensure the program meets the needs of the customer.

Testing and Deployment

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The correct title for this Software Development Life Cycle phase description:

Determines what the program needs to do.

Requirements

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Which programming language type requires the programmer to write in the native language of the computer?

Machine Language

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What programming language type requires an assembler to produce an executable program?

Assembly Language

What Generation III programming language type requires a compiler to produce an executable program?

Compiled

What Generation III programming language type requires an interpreter on the computer where the program is running?

Interpreted/Scripting

What Generation III programming language type requires a virtual machine to translate byte code created by compiling the source code into byte code?

Just-In-Time (JIT)

Which programming language type is best for writing simple programs for automating routine tasks and allow the user to easily modify the program?

Interpreted/Scripting

Which programming language type is best for writing large programs that can be cross-platform?

Just-In-Time

Which programming language type is best for writing large complex programs that the user cannot modify?

Compiled

Which programming language type is best for writing small programs that talk directly to hardware?

Assembly

The process of taking a program from one programming language or system architecture and modifying it to work in a different language or architecture.

Porting

Attributes and behaviors that are defined by a class are known as ___ of that class.

Members

The specific features of an object

Characteristics

The defined actions an object can perform

Behaviors

The actions of an object

Methods

The defined characteristics of an object

Attributes

___ Programming makes program modular by grouping instructions together that perform a specific task.

Procedural (functions)

An instance of a class that does not exist until instantiated in the program.

object

Provides a means to access members (characteristics and methods) of an object:

Dot Notation

conceals functional details of a class, to include attributes and behaviors to help ensure the object's integrity.

Encapsulation

A class (child class) receives attributes and behaviors from another class (parent class), and can also introduce new attributes and behaviors.

Inheritance

Allows a derived class member to be treated just like their parent class, but allows the child to modify the default behavior to achieve a different result.

Polymorphism

This methodology allows the data to control what actions are available and is the most complex.

object-oriented

A program is a series of instructions a computer follows to achieve a(n) ____. Most often this a problem that would take a long time for a human to solve.

goal

The process of how a program decides and then runs the next statement or block of code.

Program Flow

A structure that allows a selection of one or more different courses of action in a program's flow of execution.

Branch, Branching, Branches

This type of structural component is a repetition structure which makes it possible to run the same sequence of statements more than once.

Loop, Looping, Loops

Without branching or looping, this is how a program's normal flow of execution operates: one statement after another in a linear progression.

Sequential Action

Sometimes in the making of the logical process to solve a problem, you have to include a branching/looping structure inside of another branching/looping structure. This is known as:

Nesting

SLAM PCAL 'cuz its LAME refers to what?

Stages of Compilation

What is the first stage of compilation?

Pre-processor

What is the second stage of compilation?

Compilation

What is the third stage of compilation?

Assembly

What is the fourth stage of compilation?

Linking

What are the four stages of compilation?

Pre-processor Compilation Assembly Linking

What is the diddy for the whole stages of compilation cycle?

SLAM PCAL 'cuz its LAME SOURCE CODE gets PRE-PROCESSED into LOGICAL FILES LOGICAL FILES get COMPILED into ASSEMBLY CODE ASSEMBLY CODE gets ASSEMBLED into MACHINE CODE MACHINE CODE gets LINKED with other libraries to make an EXECUTABLE FILE

What does the LAME portion of SLAM PCAL 'cuz its LAME mean?

LAME is the first letter of the outputs Logical File Assembly Code Machine Code (Object Code) Executable File

What does the SLAM portion of SLAM PCAL 'cuz its LAME mean?

SLAM is the first letter of the inputs Source Code Logical File Assembly Code Machine Code

program instructions in text format:

Source Code

The C++ compiler used in class is called:

g++

Allows a programmer to extract commonly used sections of code into their own sections independent of the main program.

functions

Are function parameters are globally scoped?

What are the four parts of a function definition in the order found as written in code.

Return Type, Function Name, Parameters, Function Body

A single line of code that informs the compiler and programmers of what a function expects as arguments and the kind of data the function will return.

function declaration