Proficient Flashcards

1
Q

acetazolamide (Diamox)

A

Class: carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; diuretic; anticonvulsant
Dose: 250mg PO q8-12h; 500mg SR q12-24h; start 1-2 d prior, continue for >= 5 d while at high altitude
Action: diuretic effect due to inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity in proximal renal tubule, preventing formation of carbonic acid; anticonvulsant action effect thought to involve inhibition of CNS carbonic anhydrase, retarding abnormal paroxysmal discharge from CNS neurons.

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2
Q

acetylsalicyclic acid (Aspirin)

A

Class: NSAID; anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic
Dose: 325-650mg PO/PR q4-6h (max: 4g/d); MI prophylaxis PO 80-325mg/d
Action: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis involved in the production of inflammation, pain, and fever; enhances antigen removal and reduces spread of inflammation; peripheral analgesic action with limited CNS action in the hypothalamus; antipyretic by indirect centrally mediated peripheral vasodilation and sweating; powerfully inhibits platelet aggregation and ability of blood to clot; high levels can impair hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors VII, IX, and X, possible inhibiting action of vitamin K

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3
Q

albuterol (Proventil)

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Class: sympathomimetic, bronchodilator
Dose: MDI 2 puffs q4-6h prn; NEB 0.5mL of 0.5% soln. (2.5mg) in 5mL NS nebulized tid-qid
Action: acts more prominently on beta2 receptors (particularly smooth muscles of bronchi, uterus, and vascular supply to skeletal muscles) than beta1 (heart) receptors; inhibits histamine release by mast cells; produces bronchodilation, by relaxing smooth muscles of bronchial tree which decreases airway resistance, facilitates mucus draining, and increases vital capacity

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4
Q

bacitracin

A

Class: antibiotic
Dose: topical ointment to AAA bid-tid; clean affected area prior to application
Action: bactericidal that appears to inhibit cells wall synthesis; activity similar to penicillin; active against many gram-positive; ineffective against more other gram-negatives

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5
Q

benzonatate (Tessalon Perles)

A

Class: antitussive
Dose: 100-200mg PO tid prn (max 600mg/d)
Action: nonnarcotic antitussive chemically related to tetracaine; does not inhbit respiratory center at recommended doses; decreases frequency and intensity of nonproductive cough

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6
Q

ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

A

Class: antibiotic; third gen cephalosporin
Dose: for moderate to sever infections 1-2g IV/IM q12-24h (max: 4g/d); for meningitis. 2g IV/IM q12h; for uncomplicated gonorrhea 250mg IM x 1; dilute in 1% lidocaine for IM
Action: binds to penicillin-binding proteins and inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

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7
Q

cetirizine (Zyrtec)

A

Class: h1-receptor antagonist. non-sedating antihistamine
Dose: 5-10mg PO qd
Action: potent h1-receptor antagonist and antihistamine; reduces local and systemic effects of histamine release

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8
Q

cimetidine (Tagamet)

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9
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clindamycin (Cleocin)

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10
Q

dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM)

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11
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dextrose (D50)

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12
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doxycycline

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13
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fexofenadine (Allegra)

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14
Q

guaifenesin

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15
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hydrocortisone

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16
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hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

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17
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lactated ringer’s

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18
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levofloxacin (Levaquin)

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19
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loperamide (Imodium)

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20
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loratadine (Claritin)

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21
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Meclizine (Antivert)

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22
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mefloquine (Larium)

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23
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ondansetron (Zofran)

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24
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primaquine

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25
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pseudophedrine (Sudafed)

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26
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ranitidine (Zantac)

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27
Q

TMP-SMZ (Bactrim, Septra)

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28
Q

zolpidem (Ambien)

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