Production Logging

Question 1

A multiphase flow regime in which the lighter fluid flows in the center of the pipe, and the heavier fluid is contained in a thin film on the pipe wall

Answer 1

annular flow

Question 2

A technique for recording sound at different positions in the borehole to generate a noise log

Answer 2

audio measurement

Question 3

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well in which the flow is diverted through the spinner by a set of metal vanes, or petals

Answer 3

basket flowmeter / petal basket flowmeter

Question 4

A small, radioactive plastic sphere that is insoluble and used to make a tracer-loss measurement

Answer 4

bead tracer

Question 5

Referring to the flow of two immiscible fluids, oil and water, oil and gas, or gas and water

Answer 5

biphasic

Question 6

The frequency with which a local probe detects a change from one type of fluid to another

Answer 6

bubble count

Question 7

A multiphase flow regime in pipes in which one fluid moves as small dispersed bubbles through a continuous fluid

Answer 7

bubble flow / dispersed bubble flow

Question 8

An in situ record of the capability of the fluid passing through a sensor to store electrical charge

Answer 8

capacitance log

Question 9

Another term for holdup meter, a device for determining the waterholdupin aproducing wellby measuring the capacitance or impedanceof the fluid

Answer 9

capacitance meter

Question 10

An in situ record of casing thickness and integrity, to determine whether and to what extent the casing has undergone corrosion

Answer 10

casing inspection log

Question 11

An in situ log of the electrical potential on the inner wall of a casing

Answer 11

casing potential profile

Question 12

A technique in which a slug of material is introduced into the flowstream of a producing well to determine the flow rate of one or more of the fluids

Answer 12

chemical marker injection

Question 13

A multiphase flow regime in near-vertical pipes in which large, irregular slugs of gas move up the center of the pipe, usually carrying droplets of oil or water with them

Answer 13

churn flow / froth flow

Question 14

To compare and fix measured depths with known features onbaselinelogs of the wellboretubularsand the surroundingformation

Answer 14

correlate

Question 15

A device for measuring fluid velocity in a production well

Answer 15

crosscorrelation flowmeter

Question 16

The fraction of the total flow rate produced from a well that is due to a particular fluid, for example the water cut in the case of water

Answer 16

cut

Question 17

A device for measuring in-situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well in which the total fluid flow is diverted to pass over an impeller, or spinner

Answer 17

deflector flowmeter / diverter flowmeter

Question 18

The process of comparing and fixing measured depths with known features on baseline logs of the wellbore tubulars and the surrounding formation

Answer 18

depth correlation

Question 19

A record of the difference in temperature between two vertical points in a well

Answer 19

differential temperature log

Question 20

A record of the change in temperature along a well, normally recorded by a fiber-optic cable

Answer 20

distributed temperature log

Question 21

Pertaining to a technique in which a packer flowmeter is partially inflated and dragged up the hole to give a continuous flow log

Answer 21

drag bag

Question 22

A technique for measuring the effect of pits and holes in the inner wall of a casing on a high-frequency electrical signal induced in the casing

Answer 22

eddy current measurement

Question 23

In the context of spinner flowmeters, the apparent fluid speed measured by the spinner as the tool is moved up and down the well

Answer 23

effective velocity

Question 24

A small sensor in a production logging tool that distinguishes between hydrocarbon and water in its vicinity as it is moved up and down a production well

Answer 24

electric probe

Question 25

Another term for electric probe, a small sensor in a production logging tool that distinguishes between hydrocarbon and water in its vicinity as it is moved up and down a production well

Answer 25

electrical impedance probe

Question 26

An in-situ measurement of the inside diameter of a casing or tubing using an electromagnetic technique

Answer 26

electromagnetic caliper

Question 27

An in-situ measurement of the thickness of a casing or tubing string using an electromagnetic technique

Answer 27

electromagnetic thickness

Question 28

A multiphase-flow regime with oil as the continuous phase, in which water exists as small, approximately homogeneously distributed droplets

Answer 28

emulsion flow

Question 29

Referring to a type of spinner flowmeter in which most or all of the fluid flow in the well is diverted over the spinner by a device such as a basket or a packer

Answer 29

flow concentrating

Question 30

A laboratory instrument for investigating the characteristics of fluid flow in pipes and for studying the response of production logging instruments to this flow

Answer 30

flow loop

Question 31

A device for measuring in-situ the velocity of fluid flow in a well, usually one completed for production or injection

Answer 31

flow meter

Question 32

A recording of the in-situ rate of fluid flow at different depths in a well, normally one completed for production or injection

Answer 32

flow profile

Question 33

A description of the geometrical distribution of a multiphase fluid moving through a pipe

Answer 33

flow regime

Question 34

A description of the geometrical distribution of a fluid moving through a pipe

Answer 34

flow structure

Question 35

A neutron porosity log recorded while the well is flowing to determine the gas-oil contact in the borehole

Answer 35

flowing neutron log

Question 36

A record of the density, or changes in density, of fluids in a production or injection well

Answer 36

fluid density log

Question 37

An in-situ measurement of the flow profile made by pumping different fluids down the tubing and casing and observing the interface between them

Answer 37

fluid interface log

Question 38

A distortion of the magnetic flux that has been introduced into a casing by a low-frequency electromagnet or permanent magnet

Answer 38

flux leakage / magnetic flux leakage

Question 39

commonly deployed for offshore production in locations that have little infrastructure

Answer 39

FPSO / floating production, storage, and offloading vessel

Question 40

In a gradiomanometer tool or pressure derivative calculation, the apparent increased fluid density observed due to frictional pressure losses along the tool and casing in a fast-flowing fluid

Answer 40

friction effect

Question 41

A type of flowmeter in which the spinner blades are collapsed to pass through the tubing and other restrictions, and then opened up below to sense the full cross section of the casing or openhole

Answer 41

fullbore spinner

Question 42

A device for measuring the density of fluids in a completed well, using a radioactive source of gamma rays and a detector

Answer 42

gamma ray densitometer / nuclear fluid densimeter

Question 43

A record of the fraction of gas present at different depths in the borehole

Answer 43

gas holdup log

Question 44

A device for measuring the average density of the fluid at different depths in a completed production or injection well to produce a fluid-density log

Answer 44

gradiomanometer

Question 45

A record of the quality of a gravel pack and the quantity of solid particles it contains

Answer 45

gravel pack log

Question 46

With reference to multiphase flow in pipes, the fraction of a particular fluid present in an interval of pipe

Answer 46

holdup

Question 47

A two-dimensional display, using colors or different grey scales, of the holdup around the borehole versus depth

Answer 47

holdup image / holdup map

Question 48

A record of the fractions of different fluids present at different depths in the borehole

Answer 48

holdup log

Question 49

A device for determining the water holdup in a producing well by measuring the capacitance or impedance of the fluid

Answer 49

holdup meter / capacitance meter / water cut meter

Question 50

A device that responds to fluid flow and is used as the sensor in a flowmeter

Answer 50

impeller

Question 51

A type of oxygen activation technique for measuring water flow in which a short neutron burst is followed by a long observation period, during which the activated flowing oxygen is recognized at the detector by its signature

Answer 51

impulse activation

Question 52

An in-situ recording in which a material with high neutron-capture cross section is injected into the flowstream of a production or injection well to determine fluid paths and velocities

Answer 52

injection pulsed neutron log

Question 53

A technique for improving the accuracy of injection profiles measured using the velocity-shot method

Answer 53

interval method

Question 54

Referring to the change in temperature observed when a gas expands while flowing through a restriction without any heat entering or leaving the system

Answer 54

Joule Thomson

Question 55

In a gradiomanometer tool, the pressure difference observed when the fluid velocity opposite the upper pressure sensor differs from that across the lower pressure sensor

Answer 55

kinetic effect

Question 56

A type of streamlined flow for single-phase fluids in which the fluid moves in parallel layers, or laminae

Answer 56

laminar flow

Question 57

The fraction of a particular fluid measured in the vicinity of a small probe in a production well

Answer 57

local holdup

Question 58

A small sensor, part of a production logging tool, which determines the type of fluid in its vicinity as it moves up and down a production well

Answer 58

local probe / optical probe

Question 59

The apparent increase in thickness of a casing or tubing string compared to the assumed value

Answer 59

metal gain

Question 60

The loss of material on the inside or outside of a casing or tubing due to corrosion

Answer 60

metal loss / wall loss

Question 61

A multiphase-flow regime, with gas as the continuous phase, in which oil or water exists as very small, approximately homogeneously distributed droplets

Answer 61

mist flow

Question 62

A device for measuring the diameter of the internal wall of a casing or tubing using multiple arms

Answer 62

multifinger caliper

Question 63

A technique for interpreting the results from a spinner flowmeter using several logging runs of the flowmeter over the zone of interest at different speeds, both up and down

Answer 63

multipass method

Question 64

Referring to a fluid with several different immiscible fluids (oil, water or gas)

Answer 64

multiphase

Question 65

A record of the fractions, or holdups, of gas, oil and water present at different depths in a producing well using a combination of nuclear measurements recorded by a pulsed-neutron spectroscopy device

Answer 65

multiphase holdup log / pulsed neutron holdup log

Question 66

A record of the quantity of different radioactive isotopes near the borehole

Answer 66

multiple isotope log

Question 67

The technique used to produce a multiple-isotope log

Answer 67

multiple isotope spectroscopy

Question 68

A record of elemental concentrations derived from the characteristic energy levels of gamma rays emitted by a nucleus that has been activated by neutron bombardment

Answer 68

neutron activation log

Question 69

A record of the sound measured at different positions in the borehole

Answer 69

noise log

Question 70

A measure of the amount of light reflected by a fluid from an optical probe

Answer 70

optical index

Question 71

A phenomenon exploited for the purpose of detecting and quantifying the flow of water in or around a borehole based on oxygen activation

Answer 71

oxygen activation

Question 72

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well in which a packer is inflated between the tool housing and the casing wall

Answer 72

packer flowmeter

Question 73

A record of the velocity with which a particular phase (gas, oil or water) moves in a producing well

Answer 73

phase velocity log

Question 74

A record of the density in and around a completed well using a radioactive source of gamma rays and a detector

Answer 74

photon log / gravel-pack log

Question 75

To stay on the surface of the formation or a perforation tunnel

Answer 75

plate out

Question 76

A multiphase flow regime in pipes in which most of the gas moves as large bubbles dispersed within a continuous liquid

Answer 76

plug flow

Question 77

A record of one or more in-situ measurements that describe the nature and behavior of fluids in or around the borehole during production or injection

Answer 77

production log

Question 78

A record of the difference in temperature between the opposite sides of the internal wall of a casing

Answer 78

radial differential temperature log

Question 79

A record of the presence of tracer material placed in or around the borehole to measure fluid movement in injection wells

Answer 79

radioactive tracer log

Question 80

A technique for interpreting the results from a spinner flowmeter using only one logging run over the zone of interest

Answer 80

single pass method

Question 81

The only component of a flow or other phenomenon, normally oil, water or gas

Answer 81

single phase

Question 82

The phenomenon in multiphase flow when one phase flows faster than another phase, in other words slips past it

Answer 82

slip

Question 83

The difference between the average velocities of two different fluids flowing together in a pipe

Answer 83

slip velocity

Question 84

A multiphase-flow regime in pipes in which most of the lighter fluid is contained in large bubbles dispersed within, and pushing along, the heavier fluid

Answer 84

slug flow

Question 85

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well based on the speed of rotation of an impeller, or spinner

Answer 85

spinner flowmeter

Question 86

The change in direction of rotation that occurs when a spinner flowmeter tool is moving in the same direction, but faster, than the fluid

Answer 86

spinner reversal

Question 87

A multiphase-flow regime in horizontal or near-horizontal wells in which the fluids are separated into different layers, with lighter fluids flowing above heavier fluids

Answer 87

stratified flow

Question 88

The velocity of fluid moving through a pipe, defined as the volumetric flow rate of that fluid divided by the cross-sectional area

Answer 88

superficial velocity

Question 89

Referring to the description of different regimes for the simultaneous flow of gas and liquid in vertical pipes introduced by Y

Answer 89

Taitel Dukler

Question 90

In multiphase flow, large bubbles of the lighter phase that form by coalescence of small bubbles under certain conditions of fluid flow

Answer 90

Taylor bubbles

Question 91

A record of the temperature gradient in a well

Answer 91

temperature log

Question 92

In a spinner flowmeter, the theoretical minimum fluid velocity required to initiate spinner rotation, assuming the spinner response is linear

Answer 92

threshold velocity / bypass velocity

Question 93

A technique for determining the velocity of fluid flow in an injection well based on measuring the time a slug of radioactive tracer takes to move down the well

Answer 93

timed slug analysis

Question 94

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well based on the torque, or force, produced by the fluid on a stationary impeller

Answer 94

torque flowmeter

Question 95

A chemical or other substance placed in or around the borehole to measure fluid movement in injection wells

Answer 95

tracer

Question 96

Another term for velocity-shot measurement, a method of producing a radioactive-tracer log, in which a slug of radioactive material is injected into the flow stream of a production or injection well from one section of a logging tool and observed as it passes one or more gamma ray detectors in another section. The slug, or shot, causes a peak in the gamma ray reading as it passes a detector

Answer 96

tracer ejector measurement

Question 97

A method of determining injection-flow profiles by monitoring the reduction in tracer material as it moves down the well

Answer 97

tracer loss measurement

Question 98

A technique in which a tracer is injected into the flow stream of a production or injection well to determine fluid paths and velocities

Answer 98

tracer measurement

Question 99

A type of flow for single-phase fluids in which the velocity at any point may vary in both direction and magnitude with time

Answer 99

turbulent flow

Question 100

A technique for interpreting the results from a spinner flowmeter using two logging runs over the zone of interest, one up and one down

Answer 100

two pass method

Question 101

A device for measuring the internal diameter of a casing, tubing or open borehole using high-frequency acoustic signals

Answer 101

ultrasonic caliper

Question 102

The factor linking the velocity of single-phase liquid flow measured in the center of a pipe with the average velocity across the pipe

Answer 102

velocity correction factor

Question 103

A two-dimensional display, using colors or different gray scales, of the bubble velocity around the borehole against depth

Answer 103

velocity image

Question 104

Another term for velocity image, a two-dimensional display, using colors or different gray scales, of the bubble velocity around the borehole against depth

Answer 104

velocity map

Question 105

A method of producing a radioactive-tracer log, in which a slug of radioactive material is injected into the flow stream of a production or injection well from one section of a logging tool and observed as it passes one or more gamma ray detectors in another section

Answer 105

velocity-shot measurement

Question 106

A record of the velocity and direction of water flowing in and around a borehole based on oxygen activation

Answer 106

water flow log