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Production Logging > Production Logging > Flashcards

Production Logging Flashcards

1
Q

A multiphase flow regime in which the lighter fluid flows in the center of the pipe, and the heavier fluid is contained in a thin film on the pipe wall

A

annular flow

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2
Q

A technique for recording sound at different positions in the borehole to generate a noise log

A

audio measurement

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3
Q

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well in which the flow is diverted through the spinner by a set of metal vanes, or petals

A

basket flowmeter / petal basket flowmeter

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4
Q

A small, radioactive plastic sphere that is insoluble and used to make a tracer-loss measurement

A

bead tracer

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5
Q

Referring to the flow of two immiscible fluids, oil and water, oil and gas, or gas and water

A

biphasic

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6
Q

The frequency with which a local probe detects a change from one type of fluid to another

A

bubble count

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7
Q

A multiphase flow regime in pipes in which one fluid moves as small dispersed bubbles through a continuous fluid

A

bubble flow / dispersed bubble flow

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8
Q

An in situ record of the capability of the fluid passing through a sensor to store electrical charge

A

capacitance log

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9
Q

Another term for holdup meter, a device for determining the waterholdupin aproducing wellby measuring the capacitance or impedanceof the fluid

A

capacitance meter

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10
Q

An in situ record of casing thickness and integrity, to determine whether and to what extent the casing has undergone corrosion

A

casing inspection log

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11
Q

An in situ log of the electrical potential on the inner wall of a casing

A

casing potential profile

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12
Q

A technique in which a slug of material is introduced into the flowstream of a producing well to determine the flow rate of one or more of the fluids

A

chemical marker injection

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13
Q

A multiphase flow regime in near-vertical pipes in which large, irregular slugs of gas move up the center of the pipe, usually carrying droplets of oil or water with them

A

churn flow / froth flow

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14
Q

To compare and fix measured depths with known features onbaselinelogs of the wellboretubularsand the surroundingformation

A

correlate

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15
Q

A device for measuring fluid velocity in a production well

A

crosscorrelation flowmeter

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16
Q

The fraction of the total flow rate produced from a well that is due to a particular fluid, for example the water cut in the case of water

A

cut

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17
Q

A device for measuring in-situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well in which the total fluid flow is diverted to pass over an impeller, or spinner

A

deflector flowmeter / diverter flowmeter

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18
Q

The process of comparing and fixing measured depths with known features on baseline logs of the wellbore tubulars and the surrounding formation

A

depth correlation

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19
Q

A record of the difference in temperature between two vertical points in a well

A

differential temperature log

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20
Q

A record of the change in temperature along a well, normally recorded by a fiber-optic cable

A

distributed temperature log

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21
Q

Pertaining to a technique in which a packer flowmeter is partially inflated and dragged up the hole to give a continuous flow log

A

drag bag

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22
Q

A technique for measuring the effect of pits and holes in the inner wall of a casing on a high-frequency electrical signal induced in the casing

A

eddy current measurement

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23
Q

In the context of spinner flowmeters, the apparent fluid speed measured by the spinner as the tool is moved up and down the well

A

effective velocity

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24
Q

A small sensor in a production logging tool that distinguishes between hydrocarbon and water in its vicinity as it is moved up and down a production well

A

electric probe

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25
Q

Another term for electric probe, a small sensor in a production logging tool that distinguishes between hydrocarbon and water in its vicinity as it is moved up and down a production well

A

electrical impedance probe

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26
Q

An in-situ measurement of the inside diameter of a casing or tubing using an electromagnetic technique

A

electromagnetic caliper

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27
Q

An in-situ measurement of the thickness of a casing or tubing string using an electromagnetic technique

A

electromagnetic thickness

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28
Q

A multiphase-flow regime with oil as the continuous phase, in which water exists as small, approximately homogeneously distributed droplets

A

emulsion flow

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29
Q

Referring to a type of spinner flowmeter in which most or all of the fluid flow in the well is diverted over the spinner by a device such as a basket or a packer

A

flow concentrating

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30
Q

A laboratory instrument for investigating the characteristics of fluid flow in pipes and for studying the response of production logging instruments to this flow

A

flow loop

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31
Q

A device for measuring in-situ the velocity of fluid flow in a well, usually one completed for production or injection

A

flow meter

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32
Q

A recording of the in-situ rate of fluid flow at different depths in a well, normally one completed for production or injection

A

flow profile

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33
Q

A description of the geometrical distribution of a multiphase fluid moving through a pipe

A

flow regime

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34
Q

A description of the geometrical distribution of a fluid moving through a pipe

A

flow structure

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35
Q

A neutron porosity log recorded while the well is flowing to determine the gas-oil contact in the borehole

A

flowing neutron log

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36
Q

A record of the density, or changes in density, of fluids in a production or injection well

A

fluid density log

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37
Q

An in-situ measurement of the flow profile made by pumping different fluids down the tubing and casing and observing the interface between them

A

fluid interface log

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38
Q

A distortion of the magnetic flux that has been introduced into a casing by a low-frequency electromagnet or permanent magnet

A

flux leakage / magnetic flux leakage

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39
Q

commonly deployed for offshore production in locations that have little infrastructure

A

FPSO / floating production, storage, and offloading vessel

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40
Q

In a gradiomanometer tool or pressure derivative calculation, the apparent increased fluid density observed due to frictional pressure losses along the tool and casing in a fast-flowing fluid

A

friction effect

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41
Q

A type of flowmeter in which the spinner blades are collapsed to pass through the tubing and other restrictions, and then opened up below to sense the full cross section of the casing or openhole

A

fullbore spinner

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42
Q

A device for measuring the density of fluids in a completed well, using a radioactive source of gamma rays and a detector

A

gamma ray densitometer / nuclear fluid densimeter

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43
Q

A record of the fraction of gas present at different depths in the borehole

A

gas holdup log

44
Q

A device for measuring the average density of the fluid at different depths in a completed production or injection well to produce a fluid-density log

A

gradiomanometer

45
Q

A record of the quality of a gravel pack and the quantity of solid particles it contains

A

gravel pack log

46
Q

With reference to multiphase flow in pipes, the fraction of a particular fluid present in an interval of pipe

A

holdup

47
Q

A two-dimensional display, using colors or different grey scales, of the holdup around the borehole versus depth

A

holdup image / holdup map

48
Q

A record of the fractions of different fluids present at different depths in the borehole

A

holdup log

49
Q

A device for determining the water holdup in a producing well by measuring the capacitance or impedance of the fluid

A

holdup meter / capacitance meter / water cut meter

50
Q

A device that responds to fluid flow and is used as the sensor in a flowmeter

A

impeller

51
Q

A type of oxygen activation technique for measuring water flow in which a short neutron burst is followed by a long observation period, during which the activated flowing oxygen is recognized at the detector by its signature

A

impulse activation

52
Q

An in-situ recording in which a material with high neutron-capture cross section is injected into the flowstream of a production or injection well to determine fluid paths and velocities

A

injection pulsed neutron log

53
Q

A technique for improving the accuracy of injection profiles measured using the velocity-shot method

A

interval method

54
Q

Referring to the change in temperature observed when a gas expands while flowing through a restriction without any heat entering or leaving the system

A

Joule Thomson

55
Q

In a gradiomanometer tool, the pressure difference observed when the fluid velocity opposite the upper pressure sensor differs from that across the lower pressure sensor

A

kinetic effect

56
Q

A type of streamlined flow for single-phase fluids in which the fluid moves in parallel layers, or laminae

A

laminar flow

57
Q

The fraction of a particular fluid measured in the vicinity of a small probe in a production well

A

local holdup

58
Q

A small sensor, part of a production logging tool, which determines the type of fluid in its vicinity as it moves up and down a production well

A

local probe / optical probe

59
Q

The apparent increase in thickness of a casing or tubing string compared to the assumed value

A

metal gain

60
Q

The loss of material on the inside or outside of a casing or tubing due to corrosion

A

metal loss / wall loss

61
Q

A multiphase-flow regime, with gas as the continuous phase, in which oil or water exists as very small, approximately homogeneously distributed droplets

A

mist flow

62
Q

A device for measuring the diameter of the internal wall of a casing or tubing using multiple arms

A

multifinger caliper

63
Q

A technique for interpreting the results from a spinner flowmeter using several logging runs of the flowmeter over the zone of interest at different speeds, both up and down

A

multipass method

64
Q

Referring to a fluid with several different immiscible fluids (oil, water or gas)

A

multiphase

65
Q

A record of the fractions, or holdups, of gas, oil and water present at different depths in a producing well using a combination of nuclear measurements recorded by a pulsed-neutron spectroscopy device

A

multiphase holdup log / pulsed neutron holdup log

66
Q

A record of the quantity of different radioactive isotopes near the borehole

A

multiple isotope log

67
Q

The technique used to produce a multiple-isotope log

A

multiple isotope spectroscopy

68
Q

A record of elemental concentrations derived from the characteristic energy levels of gamma rays emitted by a nucleus that has been activated by neutron bombardment

A

neutron activation log

69
Q

A record of the sound measured at different positions in the borehole

A

noise log

70
Q

A measure of the amount of light reflected by a fluid from an optical probe

A

optical index

71
Q

A phenomenon exploited for the purpose of detecting and quantifying the flow of water in or around a borehole based on oxygen activation

A

oxygen activation

72
Q

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well in which a packer is inflated between the tool housing and the casing wall

A

packer flowmeter

73
Q

A record of the velocity with which a particular phase (gas, oil or water) moves in a producing well

A

phase velocity log

74
Q

A record of the density in and around a completed well using a radioactive source of gamma rays and a detector

A

photon log / gravel-pack log

75
Q

To stay on the surface of the formation or a perforation tunnel

A

plate out

76
Q

A multiphase flow regime in pipes in which most of the gas moves as large bubbles dispersed within a continuous liquid

A

plug flow

77
Q

A record of one or more in-situ measurements that describe the nature and behavior of fluids in or around the borehole during production or injection

A

production log

78
Q

A record of the difference in temperature between the opposite sides of the internal wall of a casing

A

radial differential temperature log

79
Q

A record of the presence of tracer material placed in or around the borehole to measure fluid movement in injection wells

A

radioactive tracer log

80
Q

A technique for interpreting the results from a spinner flowmeter using only one logging run over the zone of interest

A

single pass method

81
Q

The only component of a flow or other phenomenon, normally oil, water or gas

A

single phase

82
Q

The phenomenon in multiphase flow when one phase flows faster than another phase, in other words slips past it

A

slip

83
Q

The difference between the average velocities of two different fluids flowing together in a pipe

A

slip velocity

84
Q

A multiphase-flow regime in pipes in which most of the lighter fluid is contained in large bubbles dispersed within, and pushing along, the heavier fluid

A

slug flow

85
Q

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well based on the speed of rotation of an impeller, or spinner

A

spinner flowmeter

86
Q

The change in direction of rotation that occurs when a spinner flowmeter tool is moving in the same direction, but faster, than the fluid

A

spinner reversal

87
Q

A multiphase-flow regime in horizontal or near-horizontal wells in which the fluids are separated into different layers, with lighter fluids flowing above heavier fluids

A

stratified flow

88
Q

The velocity of fluid moving through a pipe, defined as the volumetric flow rate of that fluid divided by the cross-sectional area

A

superficial velocity

89
Q

Referring to the description of different regimes for the simultaneous flow of gas and liquid in vertical pipes introduced by Y

A

Taitel Dukler

90
Q

In multiphase flow, large bubbles of the lighter phase that form by coalescence of small bubbles under certain conditions of fluid flow

A

Taylor bubbles

91
Q

A record of the temperature gradient in a well

A

temperature log

92
Q

In a spinner flowmeter, the theoretical minimum fluid velocity required to initiate spinner rotation, assuming the spinner response is linear

A

threshold velocity / bypass velocity

93
Q

A technique for determining the velocity of fluid flow in an injection well based on measuring the time a slug of radioactive tracer takes to move down the well

A

timed slug analysis

94
Q

A device for measuring in situ the velocity of fluid flow in a production or injection well based on the torque, or force, produced by the fluid on a stationary impeller

A

torque flowmeter

95
Q

A chemical or other substance placed in or around the borehole to measure fluid movement in injection wells

A

tracer

96
Q

Another term for velocity-shot measurement, a method of producing a radioactive-tracerlog, in which aslugof radioactive material is injected into the flow streamof aproductionorinjection wellfrom one section of aloggingtool and observed as it passes one or more gamma ray detectors in another section. The slug, or shot, causes apeakin the gamma ray reading as it passes adetector

A

tracer ejector measurement

97
Q

A method of determining injection-flow profiles by monitoring the reduction intracermaterial as it moves down the well

A

tracer loss measurement

98
Q

A technique in which a tracer is injected into the flow stream of a production or injection well to determine fluid paths and velocities

A

tracer measurement

99
Q

A type of flow for single-phase fluids in which the velocity at any point may vary in both direction and magnitude with time

A

turbulent flow

100
Q

A technique for interpreting the results from a spinnerflowmeterusing twologgingruns over the zone of interest, one up and one down

A

two pass method

101
Q

A device for measuring the internal diameter of a casing, tubing or open borehole using high-frequency acoustic signals

A

ultrasonic caliper

102
Q

The factor linking thevelocityofsingle-phaseliquid flow measured in the center of a pipe with the average velocityacross the pipe

A

velocity correction factor

103
Q

A two-dimensional display, using colors or different gray scales, of the bubble velocity around the borehole against depth

A

velocity image

104
Q

Another term for velocity image, a two-dimensional display, using colors or different gray scales, of the bubblevelocityaround the boreholeagainst depth

A

velocity map

105
Q

A method of producing a radioactive-tracerlog, in which aslugof radioactive material is injected into the flow streamof aproductionorinjection wellfrom one section of aloggingtool and observed as it passes one or more gamma ray detectors in another section

A

velocity-shot measurement

106
Q

A record of thevelocityand direction of water flowing in and around aboreholebased onoxygen activation

A

water flow log

Production Logging (8 decks)

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