Production and Properties of Common Metals Flashcards
Iron tapped from the blast furnace during the initial refining process from a mixture of iron ore, hermatite, magnetite, coke, and limestone is referred to as
Pig iron
As a result of the natural conditions inside a blast furnace, pig iron always contains
3 to 4% carbon
Open-hearth, bessemer converter, electric arc, and basic oxygen are all examples of
Secondary steel refining furnaces
When the carbon content of pig iron is reduced to < 2% the resulting new material is generically called
Steel
The principal use for wrough iron is in the manufacturing of
Welded pipe
The majority of common carbon and low alloy steels can be described by a standardized code system developed by the American Iron and Steel Institute , which consists of a letter followed by 4 of 5 numbers. The letter refers to the
Steel manufacturing process used
As the carbon content of steel is increased from 0.05% (low carbon), the strength of the material also increases. This increase in strength causes a loss of
Ductility
_________are rarely hardened by heart treatment because their carbon content permits so little formation of hard martensite
Low carbon steels
Steals that contain _________carbon contain sufficient carbon that they may be heat treated for desirable strength, hardness, machinability, or other properties
0.25 to 0.5%
Carbon steel, classified as tool and die steel, in which hardness is the principal property desired, is referred to as
High carbon steel
Alloying elements can affect all but which of the following properties?
Contrast
The addition to 5% nickel or more than 10% chromium greatly increases the ability of the alloy to primarily
Resist corrosion
Which type of stainless steel is considered paramagnetic and cannot be inspected by magnetic particle testing
Austenitic stainless steel
One advantage of cast steel over wrough steel is that
Cast steel is Isotropic
The 2 major categories of aluminum alloys are
Cast and wrought
The density of aluminum is approximately___________ that of steel
1/3
Copper alloys exhibit a combination of corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity that makes them useful as
Radiators and heat exchangers
Nearly 3/4 of all nickel produced is used for
Plating material and as an alloying element in steel
Magnesium is the lightest metal commercially available, with a density approximately ___________ that of aluminum
2/3
The high rate of strain hardening in magnesium lessens its ability to permit plastic flow at a stress concentration point. This condition is known as
Notch sensitivity
Titanium has a high corrosion resistance in all but which of the following environments
Reducing acids
Titanium, like magnesium and zirconium, has a high rate of strain hardening due to its crystalline structure. Its structure is
Close-packed hexagonal
