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Skin Care > Product Ingridients > Flashcards

Product Ingridients Flashcards

1
Q

Surfactant

A

Surface active agent, provides cleansing action, creates foam found in cleansers soaps and shampoos

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2
Q

Surfactant continued

A

Molecules have lipophilic (clings to oil and dirt) and hydrophilic part (helps to wash them away)

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3
Q

Surfactant often starts with

A

Sodium
Ex. Sodium laureth sulfate

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4
Q

Solvent

A

Can be used to dilute or carry other ingredients
Ex. Propylene glycol, butylene glycol and water

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5
Q

Thickener

A

also called gelling agents
Makes products look richer, thicker and heavier

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6
Q

Two types of alcohols

A

Drying alcohols
Fatty alcohol

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7
Q

Drying alcohol

A

Denatured alcohol or alcohol denant
Antibacterial or drying properties
Isopropyl alcohol

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8
Q

Fatty alcohols

A

Liquid with very high emollient qualities
Ex. Cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol

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9
Q

PH adjuster

A

Adjusts alkalinity or acidity of product
Prevents irritation
Ex. Sodium citrate and citric acid

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10
Q

Preservative

A

Chemical ingredients that prevent growth and bacteria, yeast and fungi in products
Many have paraben in it ex. Methylparaben

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11
Q

Colourant

A

Added to make product more appealing
Doesn’t have major function in skin care

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12
Q

Which ingredients could irritate the skin

A

Colourants and perfumes

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13
Q

Humectants

A

Attract and hold moisture form the atmosphere and dermis
Preserve water levels in horny layer
Used to prevent creams from drying out
May have tacky feeling

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14
Q

Examples of humectants

A
  1. Glycerin
  2. Sorbitol
  3. Sodium PCA
  4. Propylene Glycol
  5. Hyaluronic Acid
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15
Q

Occlusives

A

Prevent evaporation of moisture from skin

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16
Q

3 types of occlusives

A

Mineral oil
Petroleum or petroleum jelly
Silicones

17
Q

Mineral oil

A

Effective film barrier against moisture loss
Source is crude oil
Want cosmetic grade or pharmaceutical grade as opposed to technical

18
Q

Petroleum or petroleum jelly

A

Want cosmetic grade
Source is petroleum
Vaseline brand
1-3% in skin care products

19
Q

Silicones

A

Includes dimethicone and cyclomethicone
Derived from sand and rock

20
Q

Silicone for dry skin

A

Dimethicone

21
Q

Silicone for oily skin

A

Cyclomethicone

22
Q

Free radicals

A

Harmful molecules unstable
Attack healthy cells, DNA and proteins causing damage and aging.

23
Q

Examples of free radicals

A

UV rays, pollution, smoking and stress

24
Q

Antioxidants

A

Neutralize free radicals
Anti inflammatory
Repair skin barrier
May increase collagen production

25
Q

Examples of antioxidants

A

Vitamin C and E
Coenzyme Q10
Resveratrol
Green tree extract
Pomegranate

26
Q

Ceramides

A

Lipids found in horny layer
Reduce evaporation of water
Improve skin hydration and softness

27
Q

Peptides

A

Chain of amino acids
Send messages to our skin to behave a certain way
Anti aging benefits

28
Q

Example of peptides

A

Palmitoyl pentapeptide aka matrixyl
Helps collagen production

29
Q

Vitamins

A

Group of organic compounds
Essential for health and development

30
Q

Vitamin A

A

Retinol
Improves skin texture and firmness
Cell renewal
Essential for normal skin development

31
Q

Vitamin C

A

Ascorbic acid
Common antioxidants
Strengthens capillaries
Important role in synthesis of collagen
Skin lightening

32
Q

Challenges with vitamin c

A

Ascorbic acid can be unstable
Light sensitive- needs dark bottle
Water can lead to oxidation
Protect from air

33
Q

Vitamin E

A

Also called tocopherol
Promotes tissue growth and spreads healing process
Protects against sun damage

34
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacinimide
Anti oxidants and anti inflammatory properties
Strengthens skin barrier
Reduces uneven skin tone
Reduces dull appearance
Softens fine lines

Skin Care (5 decks)

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