Processes

Question 0

Illuviation

Answer 0

movement of material in to a horizon

Question 1

Eluviation

Answer 1

Movement of material out of a horizon

Question 2

Decalcification

Answer 2

removal of CaCO3 from a horizon

Question 3

Desalinization

Answer 3

Removal of soluble salts (other than Na) in a horizon

Question 4

Salinization

Answer 4

Accumulation of soluble salts (other than Na) in horizon

Question 5

Solonization

Answer 5

Accumulation of sodium (Na) in a horizon

Question 6

Solodization

Answer 6

Leaching of sodium (Na) from horizon

Question 7

Leaching

Answer 7

Removal of soluble material from a horizon

Question 8

Lessivage

Answer 8

Physical transfer of clay within the solum

Question 9

Pedoturbation

Answer 9

Physical churning and mixing of soil material

Question 10

Podzolization

Answer 10

Chemical migration of iron aluminum and OM within solum from A to B

Question 11

Gleization

Answer 11

Reduction of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ under anaerobic conditions and transfer of Fe 2+

Question 12

Desilication

Answer 12

Chemical migration of silica out of solum, leaving other mineral behind.
Can lead to formation of chert

Question 13

Melanization

Answer 13

Darkening of A horizon material by addition and mixing of SOM.

Question 14

Decomposition

Answer 14

Breakdown and loss of minerals and SOM

Question 15

Mineralization

Answer 15

Release of inorganic material through decomposition of organic matter

Question 16

Paludization

Answer 16

Accumulation of organic minerals under anaerobic conditions