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Introduction To Process Tech > Process Utilities, Distillation > Flashcards

Process Utilities, Distillation Flashcards

1
Q

Provides essentials such as water, steam, compressed air, nitrogen, other gases, fuel gas and electricity

A

Primary application

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2
Q

Types of water (10)

A

Raw water

Fire water

Treated water

Potable water

Boiler feed water

Cooling water

Process water

Wastewater

Process sewer

Storm sewer

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3
Q

Can be used as a driver for equipment

Provide heat to heat exchanger

A

Steam

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4
Q

A liquid as a result from cool or condensed vapor

A

Condensate

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5
Q

Pure a valuable source of water in process facility

Requires minimal treatment

A

Condensate

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6
Q

Used in power tools and equipment operate instruments and process materials

A

Compressed air

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7
Q

Types of compressed air

A

Utility Air ( Plant Air)

Instrument air

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8
Q

Utility Air is used for what

A

To power tools and general use

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9
Q

Instrument air is used for what

A

To control instrumentation

To clean and dry purge air

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10
Q

Provides air supply to personal working in oxygen deficient or high particulate environments

A

Breathing air

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11
Q

Inert (non reactive) gas

A

Nitrogen

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12
Q

Nitrogen can be used to do what

A

To purge or remove explosive gases

Be a back up for instrument air

Use as a blanket or gas for storage tanks

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13
Q

Gas used to operate fired equipment

A

Fuel gas

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14
Q

Can be used as a blanket gas

Can be used as supply for a pilot light

A

Fuel gas

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15
Q

Provides operating power by a variety of sources

A

Electricity

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16
Q

Types of things electricity can be used for

A

Power generation

Steam

Cogeneration

Diesel gas generators

Emergency or portable generators

Battery systems

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17
Q

Seperating a liquid mixture using different boiling points of each component

A

Distillation

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18
Q

What does distillation uses

A

Uses heat pressure and boiling points

Columns uses either trays or packing

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19
Q

Proportion of the distillate that has a particular boiling point different from others

A

Fraction

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20
Q

Common distillation components

A

Tower/ column

Pre-heater

Trays

Condenser

Reboiler

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21
Q

The three towers sections

A

Flash Zone

Rectifying section

Stripping section

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22
Q

Entry point or feed tray

A

Flash Zone

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23
Q

Section above the feed tray

A

Rectifying section

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24
Q

Section below the feed tray

A

Stripping section

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25
Q

Provide contact points between liquid and vapor

A

Distillation trays

26
Q

How distillation trays work

A

Liquid flows across tray and down tower

Vapor flows up through holes in tray

Liquid level is maintained using a weir

Liquid is routed tray to tray by the downcomer

27
Q

Most common trays

A

Sieve

Valve

Bubble cap

28
Q

Small holes in the tray deck

A

Sieve

29
Q

Contains valve lifters

A

Valve tray

30
Q

Risers with slotted caps on top

A

Bubble cap trays

31
Q

The tray located right below the feed line

A

Feed tray

32
Q

How distillation works

A

Feed comes into process unit

Feed is heated

Heat vaporizes all volatile compounds

Vapor and liquid fed into the distillation column

Hot vapor passes up the column

Cooler liquids pass down the column

Contact between vapor and the liquid occurs on each tray

33
Q

Filled with specialized packing instead of trays used in distillation column to maximize the contact surface area

A

Packed towers

34
Q

What are packed towers used for

A

Striping

Condensing

Drying

Absorption

35
Q

Piping that transfers oil from the tank to the heater to the process equipment and back again

A

Oil circulation system

36
Q

Devices configured to measure, control and indicate flow, temperature, level, pressure and analytical data

A

Instrumentation

37
Q

Five most common Process variables

A

Pressure, temperature, level, flow and analytical

38
Q

Force exerted on surface divided by it’s area (PSI)

A

Pressure

39
Q

Difference between pressure measurements taken at two separate points

A

Differential pressure

40
Q

Specific degree of heat or cold as indicated of reference scale

A

Temperature

41
Q

Difference between temperature measurements taken at two separate points

A

Differential Temperature

42
Q

Position of height or depth along a vertical axis

A

Level

43
Q

Quantity of fluid that moves across a specific point within a given time

A

Flow

44
Q

Measurement of chemical or physical properties of a substance

A

Analytical variables

45
Q

What 3 ways can process control instrumentation be categorized

A

Location

Function

Power source

46
Q

Equipment that moves oil through the circulation and heating systems

A

Oil pump

47
Q

Used to remove CO2 or other gases from a gas stream

A

Amine system

48
Q

System that uses motive gas to make small solid particulates move like liquid

A

Fluidized bed system

49
Q

System used when a inert gas is needed

A

Nitrogen header system

50
Q

Quality practice with the objective of reducing defects which will increase profits

A

Zero defects

51
Q

Uses mathematical laws dealing with probability or how often certain events could occur under certain conditions

A

SPC (Statistical Process Control)

52
Q

Two types of SPC used

A

Attributes

Variables

53
Q

SPC data analyzers

A 
Control chart 
Flow chart 
Cause and effect diagrams 
Pareto charts 
Histograms
54
Q

Secondary supports systems used in daily operations of a process facility

A

Process auxiliary systems

55
Q

Four most common types of process auxiliary systems

A

Flare systems

Refrigeration

Lubrication

Hot oil system

56
Q

Devices that burn off unwanted process gases before being released to the atmosphere

A

Flare systems

57
Q

Used to cool feed and or a product

A

Refrigeration systems

58
Q

Substance used to reduce friction between two contact surfaces

A

Lubricants

59
Q

Uses an organic or synthetic oil product as a heat transfer

A

Hot oil system

60
Q

Separates liquids from vapors being sent to the flare

A

Knock out drum

61
Q

What ignite the vapors

A

Pilot light

62
Q

Helps create drafts, reduce smoke, and protect flare tip from the heat of the flame

A

Steam ring

Introduction To Process Tech (2 decks)

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