Procedures Final Exam

Question 1

Which of the following evaluation criteria is best demonstrated on PA chest radiograph? Choose all that apply.

a.) chin is elevated to prevent superimpositon of apices
b.) shoulders rotated forward to place scapula in the lung field
c.) both SC joints same distance from center line of spine
d.) motion on radiograph
e.) minimum of 10 posterior ribs above diaphragm

Answer 1

a.) chin is elevated to prevent superimposition of apices
c.) both SC joints same distance from center line of spine
e.) minimum of 10 posterior ribs above diaphragm

Question 2

Which of the following should be clearly demonstrated on the scapular Y projection?

a.) humeral head and glenoid cavity superimposed
b.) humeral head in profile
c.) no superimposition of scapular body over bony thorax
d.) humeral shaft and scapular body superimposed
e.) acromion projected medially
f.) acromion projected laterally and free of superimposition
g.) coracoid superimposed or projected below the clavicle
h.) scapula in lateral profile with lateral vertebral borders superimposed

Answer 2

a.) humeral head and glenoid cavity superimposed
c.) no superimposition of scapular body superimposed
d.) humeral shaft and scapular body superimposed
f.) acromion projected laterally and free of superimposition
g.) coracoid superimposed or projected below the clavicle
h.) scapula in lateral profile with lateral vertebral borderes superimposed

Question 3

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the AP projection of the forearm? Choose all that apply.

a.) AP projection of entire radius and ulna
b.) minimum of proximal row of carpals
c.) distal humerus
d.) fat pads and stripes of wrist and elbow

Answer 3

a.) AP projection of entire radius and ulna
b.) minimum of proximal row of carpals
c.) distal humerus
d.) fat pads and stripes of wrist and elbow

Question 4

Which of the following projections of the elbow will demonstrate the radial head and neck free of superimposition?

a.) AP projection, partial flexion
b.) AP oblique projection, medial rotation
c.) AP projection, acute flexion
d.) AP oblique projection, lateral rotation

Answer 4

d.) AP oblique projection, lateral rotation

Question 5

Choose all that apply to the acronym AP:

a.) posteroanterior
b.) central ray enters anterior exits posterior
c.) AP projection is the correct position term
d.) anterior and posterior combines both terms into one

Answer 5

b.) central ray enters anterior exits posterior
c.) AP projection is the correct position term
d.) anterior and posterior combines both terms into one

Question 6

Which of the following is evidence of a true 45 degree oblique on the PA oblique pojection of the wrist? Choose all that apply.

a.) ulnar head partially superimposed by distal radius
b.) proximal third through fifth metacarpals bases mostly superimposed
c.) equal distance on proximal metacarpals
d.) ulnar head and radius seperated

Answer 6

a.) ulnar head partially superimposed by distal radius
b.) proximal third through fifth metacarpals bases mostly superimposed

Question 7

The joint found between the base of the third metacarpal and carpal bone is the:

a.) proximal metacarpophalangeal
b.) interphalangeal
c.) carpometacarpal
d.) intercarpal

Answer 7

c.) carpometacarpal

Question 8

Evaluation Criteria:

What structures should be demonstrated on the inferosuperior axial projection?

a.) scapulohumeral joint with overlap
b.) coracoid process pointing anteriorly
c.) coracoid process pointing posteriorly
d.) lesser tubercle in profile and directed anteriorly
e.) greater tubercle in profile and directed anteriorly
f.) scapular spine seen below scapulohumeral joint

Answer 8

a.) scapulohumeral joint with overlap
b.) coracoid process pointing anteriorly
d.) lesser tubercle in profile and directed anteriorly
f.) scapular spine seen below scapulohumeral joint

Question 9

For teh AP weight bearing feet projection, the CR should be:

a.) directed 5 degrees posteriorly
b.) directed horizontal
c.) angled 15 degrees posteriorly
d.) perpendicular to the image receptor

Answer 9

c.) angled 15 degrees posteriorly

Question 10

Where is the central ray directed for the inferosuperior axial projection?

a.) horizontally through humerus
b.) horizontally through axilla and humeral head

Answer 10

b.) horizontally through axilla and humeral head

Question 11

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on the dorsal decubitus abdomen? Choose all that apply.

a.) diaphragm with as much abdomen as possible
b.) air filled loops of bowel with soft tissue detail in anterior abdomen
c.) bladder
d.) prevertebral regions

Answer 11

a.) diaphragm with as much abdomen as possible
b.) air filled loops of bowel with soft tissue detail in anterior abdomen
d.) prevertebral regions

Question 12

The rounded head of the humerus fits into an oval depression on the lateral aspect of the scapula called the:

a.) acromion
b.) neck
c.) glenoid cavity
d.) lateral angle

Answer 12

c.) glenoid cavity

Question 13

Which of the following apply to personel monitoring device? Choose all that apply.

a.) monitoring device may be left in hot car
b.) monitoring device should be worn at the neck at all times
c.) monitoring device can be placed on TV or microwave
d.) a second radiation monitoring device should be worn at the waist if the radiographer is pregnant

Answer 13

b.) monitoring device should be worn at the neck at all times
d.) a second radiation monitoring device should be worn at the waist if the radiographer is pregnant

Question 14

What evidence demonstrates no rotation on the stretcher wrist projection?

a.) wrist obliqued slightly
b.) wrist obliqued laterally
c.) no rotation of the wrist, distal radius and ulna with minimal superimpositon of distal radioulnar joint
d.) radioulnar joint completely superimposed

Answer 14

c.) no rotation of the wrist, distal radius and ulna with minimal superimpostion of distal radioulnar joint

Question 15

The thumb/first digit includes which parts? Choose all that apply.

a.) carpals
b.) distal
c.) middle
d.) proximal

Answer 15

b.) distal
d.) proximal

Question 16

Which term best describes head higher than feet?

a.) fowlers
b.) trendelenburg
c.) lateral
d.) sims

Answer 16

a.) fowlers

Question 17

Moving foot downward toward normal position is ____________.

a.) eversion
b.) plantar flexion
c.) inversion
d.) dorsiflexion

Answer 17

b.) plantar flexion

Question 18

Where is the central ray dirrected on the 1st digit projections?

a.) DIP
b.) PIP
c.) MCP
d.) IP

Answer 18

c.) MCP

Question 19

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on supine abdomen? Choose all that apply.

a.) no rotation, iliac wings, obturator foramen
b.) ischial spines symmetric
c.) outer margin of ribs same distance from the spine
d.) rotation of ribs

Answer 19

a.) no rotation, iliac wings, obturator foramen
b.) ischial spines symmetric
c.) outer margin of ribs same distance from the spine

Question 20

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on PA hand projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) PA of entire wrist
b.) 1/2” of distal forearm
c.) 1” of distal forearm
d.) oblique view of the thumb

Answer 20

a.) PA of entire wrist
c.) 1” of distal forearm
d.) oblique view of the thumb

Question 21

Which projection best demonstrates the following evaluation criteria?
1.) anatomy from toes to tarsals
2.) no motion of foot with equal space between second through fifth metatarsals
3.) overlap of second through fifth metatarsals
4.) axial projection with improving demonstration of IP, MTP, and TMT joint spaces
5.) open joint space between medial and intermediate cunieforms

a.) AP medial oblique foot
b.) AP lateral oblique foot
c.) lateral foot
d.) AP foot

Answer 21

d.) AP foot

Question 22

In radiography the acronym ALARA means as low as reasonably acheivable.

a.) true
b.) false

Answer 22

a.) true

Question 23

Which position of the hand will palce the humerus in internal rotation?

a.) back of the hand against the thigh
b.) supine
c.) prone
d.) palm against the thigh

Answer 23

a.) back of the hand against the thigh

Question 24

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the PA projection of the wrist?

a.) equal concavity seen on both sides of the shafts of the metacarpals
b.) near equal distance among proximal metacarpals
c.) seperation of distal radius and ulna
d.) ulnar head partially superimposed by radius

Answer 24

a.) equal concavity seen on both sides of the shafts of the metacarpals
b.) near equal distance among proximal metacarpals
c.) seperation of distal radius and ulna

Question 25

Why is it important to have a minimum of two views? Choose all that apply.

a.) superimposition of anatomic structures
b.) small fractures and or tumors may not be seen only on one projection
c.) localization of foreign body or lesions
d.) none of the above

Answer 25

a.) superimpositon of anatomic structures
b.) small fractures and or tumors may not be seen only on one projection
c.) localization of foreign body or lesions

Question 26

Choose all that apply to palpation.

a.) use fingertips
b.) apply light pressure
c.) must be done gently
d.) patient should always be informed before palpation

Answer 26

a.) use fingertips
b.) apply light pressure
c.) must be done gently
d.) patient should always be informed before palpation

Question 27

Which of the following best describes the CR on the AP chest projection?

a.) CR perpendicular to long axis of the sternum
b.) CR angled cephalad to chest
c.) CR angled caudad to be perpendicular with long axis of sternum
d.) CR angled caudad to lungs

Answer 27

c.) CR angled caudad to be perpendicular with long axis of sternum

Question 28

Which of the following carpal bones are located on the proximal row? Choose all that apply.

a.) scaphoid
b.) trapezium
c.) lunate
d.) trapezoid
e.) triquetrum
f.) capitate
g.) pisiform
h.) hamate

Answer 28

a.) scaphoid
c.) lunate
e.) triquetrum
g.) pisiform

Question 29

What is the correct CR for the scapular Y projection of the shoulder?

a.) scapulohumeral joint 2 inches below AC joint
b.) mid humerus
c.) mid scapula
d.) AC joint

Answer 29

a.) scapulohumeral joint 2 inches below AC joint

Question 30

For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should enter:

a.) 1 inch inferior to the acromion
b.) 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process
c.) 2 inches inferior to the acromion
d.) 2 inches inferior to the coracoid process

Answer 30

b.) 1 inch inferior to the coracoid process

Question 31

Which of the following is shown in profile on the AP projection of the humerus?

a.) greater tubercle
b.) lesser tubercle
c.) glenoid cavity
d.) capitulum

Answer 31

a.) greater tubercle

Question 32

Which of the following organs are located on the left side of the body? Choose all that apply.

a.) ascending colon
b.) descending colon
c.) spleen
d.) stomach

Answer 32

b.) descending colon
c.) spleen
d.) stomach

Question 33

Which of the following digits can be rotated laterally for the medial oblique lateral projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) 2nd digits
b.) 3rd digits
c.) 4th digits
d.) 5th digits

Answer 33

b.) 3rd digits
c.) 4th digits
d.) 5th digits

Question 34

On the partial flexion of the AP elbow two projections should be taken. One with _________ parallel and the other with the ___________ parallel.

a.) wrist, forearm
b.) forearm, shoulder
c.) forearm, humerus
d.) hand, wrist

Answer 34

c.) forearm, humerus

Question 35

The acromial end of the clavicle articulates with the:

a.) sternal extremity of the clavicle
b.) glenoid cavity
c.) coracoid process
d.) acromion process of the scapula

Answer 35

d.) acromion process of the scapula

Question 36

Which projections are best demonstrated on AP oblique wrist? Choose all that apply.
1.) entire toes, including distal ends of metatarsals
2.) toes seperated from each other
3.) no rotation of phalanges
4.) open IP and second through fifth MTP joint spaces
5.) first MTP joint not always open
6.) first MTP joint is always open

Answer 36

1, 2, 4, 5

Question 37

Which of the following arm positions demonstrates the lesser tubercle in profile medially?

a.) external rotation
b.) internal rotation
c.) neutral rotation
d.) none of the above

Answer 37

b.) internal rotation

Question 38

Which of the following evaluation criteria are best demonstrated on AP chest projections? Choose all that apply.

a.) heart appears larger due to increased magnification from shorter SID and increased OID
b.) pleural effusion obscures lung markings
c.) without horizontal beam fluid levels may not be seen
d.) inspiration may not be full
e.) only eight or nine ribs are seen above diaphragm
f.) lungs appear more dense

Answer 38

a.) heart appears larger due to increased magnification from shorter SID and increased OID
b.) pleural effusion obscures lung markings
c.) without horizontal beam fluid levels may not be seen
d.) inspiration may not be full
e.) only eight or nine ribs are seen above diaphragm
f.) lungs appear more dense

Question 39

Where is the central ray directed on the AP projection of the forearm?

a.) distal forearm
b.) proximal forearm
c.) mid forearm
d.) closer to elbow joint

Answer 39

c.) mid forearm

Question 40

Excessive overlap of the metacarpals indicates what patient position is incorrect on the PA oblique hand projection?

a.) under rotation
b.) over rotation

Answer 40

b.) over rotation

Question 41

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be included on the lordotic chest projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) clavicles should be included
b.) entire lung fields
c.) only apices should be included
d.) clavicles should not be seen

Answer 41

a.) clavicles should be included
b.) entire lung fields

Question 42

Where is the central ray directed for the scapular Y projection?

a.) perpendicular to scapulohumeral joint
b.) parallel to scapulohumeral joint
c.) CR angled 5 degrees toward the shoulder
d.) CR angled 10 degrees away from the shoulder

Answer 42

a.) perpendicular to scapulohumeral joint

Question 43

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the PA wrist projection?

a.) complete superimposition of the distal radioulnar joint
b.) distal radioulnar joint in oblique position
c.) slight superimposition of radioulnar joint
d.) radioulnar joint superimposed

Answer 43

c.) slight superimposition of radioulnar joint

Question 44

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on the PA projection of the wrist? Choose all that apply.

a.) proximal metacarpals
b.) carpals
c.) distal radius and ulna
d.) soft tissue of carpal bones

Answer 44

a.) proximal metacarpals
b.) carpals
c.) distal radius and ulna
d.) soft tissue of carpal bones

Question 45

Which position of the hand will place the humerus in neutral position?

a.) back of the hand against the thigh
b.) prone
c.) supine
d.) palm against the thigh

Answer 45

d.) palm against the thigh

Question 46

Which of the following part positions should be demonstrated on the AP projection of the forearm?

a.) medial and lateral condyles should be same distance from IR
b.) medial and lateral condyles should be slightly obliqued to the IR
c.) medial and lateral epicondyles should be same distance from IR
d.) medial and lateral epicondyles should be obliqued from IR

Answer 46

c.) medial and lateral epicondyles should be same distance from IR

Question 47

What is the articulations between the five proximal phalanges and the five metatarsals called?

a.) distal interphalngeal joints
b.) proximal interphalangeal joints
c.) metatarsophalangeal joints
d.) phalangeal joints

Answer 47

c.) metatarsophalangeal joints

Question 48

Which of the following carpal bones are located on the distal row?

a.) scaphoid
b.) trapezium
c.) lunate
d.) trapezoid
e.) triquetrum
f.) capitate
g.) pisiform
h.) hamate

Answer 48

b.) trapezium
d.) trapezoid
f.) capitate
h.) hamate

Question 49

What should be demonstrated on the grashey method?

a.) closed joint spaces
b.) open joint space between humeral head and glenoid cavity
c.) glenoid cavity in profile
d.) glenoid cavity not in profile
e.) glenoid cavity in profile only

Answer 49

c.) glenoid cavity in profile

Question 50

Which of the following evaluation criteria should demonstrate the correct 45 degree obliquity on the PA oblique projection of the hand? Choose all that apply.

a.) midshafts of metacarpals should not be overlapped
b.) some overlap of distal heads of 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpals
c.) no overlap of distal 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
d.) MCP and IP joints open without foreshortening of midphalanges or distal phalanges

Answer 50

a.) midshafts of metacarpals should not be overlapped
b.) some overlap of distal heads of 3rd, 4th adn 5th metacarpals
c.) no overlap of distal 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
d.) MCP and IP joints open without foreshortening of midphalanges or distal phalanges

Question 51

What is the main purposes for obtaining an upright abdomen projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) looking for free air
b.) to look ath the bladder
c.) looking for air fluid levels
d.) to better visualize the colon

Answer 51

a.) looking for free air
c.) looking for air fluid levels

Question 52

Which of the following part positions should be placed in the true lateral position of the forearm?

a.) rotate elbow
b.) rotate hand and wrist
c.) oblique hand and wrist
d.) oblique elbow

Answer 52

b.) rotate hand and wrist

Question 53

If the patient cannot elevate the unaffected shoulder for a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus, the central ray should be angled:

a.) 15 to 20 degrees cephlad
b.) 5 to 10 degrees cephalad
c.) 20 to 25 degrees caudad
d.) 10 to 15 degrees cephalad

Answer 53

d.) 10 to 15 degrees cephalad

Question 54

Which of the following are true ragarding RPO? Choose all that apply.

a.) body part closer to IR
b.) referred to as AP Obliques
c.) CR enters anterior exits posterior
d.) CR enters posterior and exits anterior

Answer 54

a.) body part closer to IR
b.) referred to as AP obliques
c.) CR enters anterior and exits posterior

Question 55

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on AP Lordotic chest projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) clavicles should be above apices
b.) medial aspect of clavicles seperimposed by first ribs
c.) posterior ribs will appear horizontal
d.) sternal ends of clavicles same distance from vertebral column

Answer 55

a.) clavicles should be above apices
b.) medial aspect of clavicles superimposed by first ribs
c.) posterior ribs will appear horizontal
d.) sternal ends of clavicles same distance from vertebral column

Question 56

Which of the following evaluation criteria are best demonstrated on the lateral chest projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) entire lungs
b.) sternum anteriorly to posterior ribs and thorax posterior
c.) posterior ribs and costophrenic angle on side away from IR
d.) chin and arms should be down

Answer 56

a.) entire lungs
b.) sternum anteriorly to posterior ribs and thorax posterior
c.) posterior ribs and costophrenic angle on side away from IR

Question 57

Which structure or bone contains the sustentaculum tali?

a.) base of the fifth metatarsals
b.) talus
c.) calcaneus
d.) tibia

Answer 57

c.) calcaneus

Question 58

The hand and wrist should be in true lateral position for the lateral hand projection. What evidence shows true lateral position? Choose all that apply.

a.) metacarpals superimposed
b.) distal radius and ulna superimposed
c.) metacarpals slightly superimposed
d.) radius and ulna slightly superimposed

Answer 58

a.) metacarpals superimposed
b.) distal radius and ulna superimposed

Question 59

Each of the four digits/fingers are composed of what parts? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal
b.) middle
c.) proximal
d.) carpals

Answer 59

a.) distal
b.) middle
c.) proximal

Question 60

Each digit has two or three seperate small bones called ______________.

a.) sesamoid
b.) metacarpals
c.) phalanges
d.) base

Answer 60

c.) phalanges

Question 61

Which of the following terms best describes head lower than feet?

a.) fowlers
b.) trenelenburg
c.) sims
d.) AP

Answer 61

b.) trendelenburg

Question 62

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the ulnar deviation of the wrist? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal radius and ulna
b.) carpals and proximal metacarpals
c.) no rotation of distal radius and ulna
d.) minimal superimposition of distal radioulnar joint

Answer 62

a.) distal radius and ulna
b.) carpals and proximal metacarpals
c.) no rotation of distal radius and ulna
d.) minimal superimposition of distal radioulnar joint

Question 63

Proximal refers to _________ the source.

a.) closer
b.) farther
c.) medial
d.) lateral

Answer 63

a.) closer

Question 64

What does digits 2-5 have that the thumb/1st digit does not have?

a.) distal
b.) proximal
c.) middle

Answer 64

c.) middle

Question 65

Why should the forearm not be radiographed in the prone position?

a.) radius and ulna should be crossed
b.) radius and ulna should be in oblique position
c.) radius and ulna should not be crossed
d.) radius and ulna should be seperated at elbow joint only

Answer 65

c.) radius and ulna should not be crossed

Question 66

Which of the following evaluation criteria are evidence of no rotation on AP forearm projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) humeral epicondyles in profile
b.) radial head, neck and tuberosity slightly superimposed by ulna
c.) humeral condyles in profile
d.) radial head and neck and tuberosity should be superimposed by radius

Answer 66

a.) humeral epicondyles in profile
b.) radial head, neck and tuberosity slightly superimposed by ulna

Question 67

How many degrees is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection (grashey method) of the shoulder joint?

a.) 35 to 45 degrees away from the affected side
b.) 35 to 45 degrees toward the affected side
c.) 20 degrees toward the affected side
d.) 20 degrees away from the affected side

Answer 67

b.) 35 to 45 degrees toward the affected side

Question 68

Moving foot and toes upward is ____________.

a.) plantar flexion
b.) dorsiflexion
c.) eversion
d.) inversion

Answer 68

b.) dorsiflexion

Question 69

Where is the central ray directed for PA chest projection?

a.) T2
b.) T4
c.) T6
d.) T7

Answer 69

d.) T7

Question 70

Which of the following terms describes lying on back and facing upward?

a.) prone
b.) PA
c.) erect
d.) supine

Answer 70

d.) supine

Question 71

Breathing technique can be used on the transthoracic lateral projection. What is the exposure time that should be used? Choose all that apply.

a.) 1 second
b.) 3 seconds
c.) 4 to 5 seconds
d.) low MA

Answer 71

b.) 3 seconds
c.) 4 to 5 seconds
d.) low MA

Question 72

What makes up the scapular Y projection?

a.) body of the scapula forms the vertical componeent of the Y
b.) coracoid only
c.) acromion and coracoid make up the top of the scapular Y
d.) humeral head

Answer 72

a.) body of the scapula forms the vertical component of the Y
c.) acromion and coracoid make up the top of the scapular Y

Question 73

What is the correct part position on the stretcher method of the wrist?

a.) 5 degree CR angle
b.) 10 degree CR angle
c.) 20 degree central ray
d.) 20 degree angle sponge

Answer 73

d.) 20 degree angle sponge

Question 74

Which of the following evaulation criteria are demonstrated on the lateral projection of the hand? Choose all that apply.

a.) entire hand and wrist
b.) 1/2” of distal forearm
c.) 1” distal forearm
d.) fingers should appear equally seperated

Answer 74

a.) entire hand and wrist
c.) 1” distal forearm
d.) fingers should appear equally seperated

Question 75

What is the central ray if directed on the internal and external projections of the shoulder?

a.) 2” inferior to coracoid process
b.) 1.5” inferior to coracoid process
c.) 1” inferior to coracoid process
d.) 3” inferior to coracoid process

Answer 75

c.) 1” inferior to coracoid process

Question 76

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the lateral projection of the forearm? Choose all that apply.

a.) lateral projection of entire radius and ulna
b.) proximal row of carpals
c.) elbow
d.) distal humerus

Answer 76

a.) lateral projection of entire radius and ulna
b.) proximal row of carpals
c.) elbow
d.) distal humerus

Question 77

The term distal means ___________ from the source.

a.) closer
b.) away
c.) lateral
d.) medial

Answer 77

b.) away

Question 78

Which of the following refers to caudad? Choose all that apply.

a.) toward patient head
b.) toward patient feet
c.) superior
d.) inferior

Answer 78

b.) toward patient feet
d.) inferior

Question 79

Which of the following are best demonstrated on the lateral projection of the chest? Choose all that apply.

a.) patient erect, left side against IR
b.) arms raised above head
c.) chin up
d.) central ray is centered to midthorax at T7

Answer 79

a.) patient erect, left side against IR
b.) arms raised above head
c.) chin up
d.) central ray is centered to midthorax at T7

Question 80

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the stretcher method of the wrist? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal radius and ulna
b.) carpals and proximal metacarpals
c.) carpals on radial side are more visible
d.) schaphoid shown without foreshortening or superimposition

Answer 80

a.) distal radius and ulna
b.) carpals and proximal metacarpals
c.) carpals on radial side are more visible
d.) schaphoid shown without foreshortening or superimposition

Question 81

Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for an AP projection of the humerus?

a.) shallow breathing
b.) full inspiration
c.) full expiration
d.) suspended respiration

Answer 81

d.) suspended respiration

Question 82

Which of the following evauluation criteria are demonstrated on the upright abdomen projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) air filled stomach
b.) loops of bowel
c.) air fluid levels
d.) small cresent shaped air bubble under right hemidiaphragm

Answer 82

a.) air filled stomach
b.) loops of bowel
c.) air fluid levels
d.) small crescent shaped air bubble under right hemidiaphragm

Question 83

The term medial means:
Choose all that apply.

a.) inside
b.) thumb side of hand
c.) pinky side of hand
d.) outside

Answer 83

a.) inside
c.) pinky side of hand

Question 84

Bases of the first and second metatarsals superimposed on ____________ and ______________.

a.) medial and intermediate
b.) intermediate and lateral
c.) lateral and cuboid
d.) navicular and cuboid

Answer 84

a.) medial and intermediate

Question 85

Which projection/projections will demonstrate an open glenohumeral joint space?
1.) inferosuperior axial shoulder projection
2.) transthoracic lateral shoulder projection
3.) AP oblique shoulder projection (grashey method)
4.) PA oblique scapular Y shoulder projection

a.) 1 and 3 only
b.) 2 and 3 only
c.) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d.) 1 only

Answer 85

a.) 1 and 3 only

Question 86

How many degrees is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection (grashey method) of the shoulder joint?

a.) 20 degrees toward the affected side
b.) 35 to 45 degrees toward the affected side
c.) 20 degrees awy from the affected side
d.) 35 to 45 degrees away from the affected side

Answer 86

b.) 35 to 45 degrees toward the affected side

Question 87

Where is the central ray directed on the 1st digit projection?

a.) DIP
b.) PIP
c.) MCP
d.) IP

Answer 87

c.) MCP

Question 88

Which term describes cephalad? Choose all that apply.

a.) angle toward patient head
b.) angle toward patient feet
c.) superior
d.) inferior

Answer 88

a.) angle toward the patient head
c.) superior

Question 89

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the PA oblique projection of the wrist? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal radius and ulna
b.) carpal bones
c.) mid carpal area
d.) trapezium and scaphoid well visulaized
e.) slight superimposition of other carpals in their medial aspect

Answer 89

a.) distal radius and ulna
b.) carpal bones
c.) mid carpal area
d.) trapezium and scaphoid well visualized
e.) slight superimposition of other carpals in their medial aspect

Question 90

What is the correct CR for the inferosuperior projection of the shoulder?

a.) perpendicular
b.) parallel
c.) medially 25 to 30 degrees to humeral head
d.) laterally 25 to 35 degrees to elbow

Answer 90

c.) medially 25 to 30 degrees to humeral head

Question 91

Where should the CR be centered for upright erect abdomen?

a.) at the level of iliac crest
b.) 1’’ above iliac crest
c.) 2” above iliac crest
d.) 2” below iliac crest

Answer 91

c.) 2 inches above iliac crest

Question 92

What is the main purpose for placing the second digit in the mediolateral projection?

a.) increased OID
b.) decrease OID
c.) no real reason
d.) patient comfort

Answer 92

b.) decrease OID

Question 93

Why is the lordotic position used in specific AP chest projection?

a.) demonstrates apices of the lung
b.) demonstrates mid lung
c.) demonstrates base of lung
d.) demonstrates costophrenic angles

Answer 93

a.) demonstrates apices of the lung

Question 94

Which position of the foot will best demonstrate the lateral (third) cuneiform?

a.) mediolateral projection
b.) AP oblique with lateral rotation
c.) AP oblique with medial rotation
d.) AP projection

Answer 94

c.) AP oblique with medial rotation

Question 95

Where is the central ray directed on digits 2-5?

a.) DIP joint
b.) PIP joint
c.) MCP joint
d.) IP joint

Answer 95

b.) PIP joint

Question 96

Which of the following statement best describes anatomic position?

a.) recumbent position, arms abducted down, palms forward, head and feet turned straight ahead
b.) upright position, arms adducted, dorsal portion of hand forward, head and feet turned straight
c.) upright position, arms abducted down, palms forward, head and feet directed straight ahead
d.) upright position, arms abducted down, palms forward, head and feet turned to the right side

Answer 96

c.) upright position, arms abduted down, palms forward, head and feet directed straight ahead

Question 97

Which of the following joints should be included on the AP and lateral forearm projections? Choose all that apply.

a.) elbow
b.) hand
c.) wrist
d.) 1/2 inch distal humerus

Answer 97

a.) elbow
c.) wrist

Question 98

Which of the following evaluation criteria are best visualized with 60 degree LAO chest projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) air filled trachea
b.) great vessels
c.) heart outline
d.) hilum

Answer 98

a.) air filled trachea
b.) great vessels
c.) heart outline

Question 99

Which term describes bending spine forward?

a.) extension
b.) flexion
c.) medial
d.) lateral

Answer 99

b.) flexion

Question 100

Which of the following acronyms are correct when referring to anterior obliques? Choose all that apply.

a.) RPO
b.) LAO
c.) LPO
d.) RAO

Answer 100

b.) LAO
d.) RAO

Question 101

What evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the grashey method of the shoulder? Choose all that apply.

a.) glenoid cavity superimposed
b.) glenoid cavity free of superimposition
c.) scapulohumeral joint closed by humerus
d.) scapulohumeral joint open

Answer 101

b.) glenoid cavity free of superimposition
d.) scapulohumeral joint open

Question 102

Choose all that apply to lateral decubitus:

a.) patient lies on side
b.) AP or PA projection
c.) named according to the side up
d.) named according to the side down

Answer 102

a.) Patient lies on side
b.) AP or PA projection
d.) named according to side down

Question 103

Which projection best demonstrates navicular, lateral cuneiform, and cuboid with less superimposition.

a.) ap foot
b.) medial oblique foot
c.) lateral oblique foot
d.) lateral foot

Answer 103

b.) medial oblique foot

Question 104

What is the correct respiration for supine abdomen?

a.) at the end of second inspiration
b.) hold breathe
c.) at the end of expiration
d.) breathe normally

Answer 104

c.) at the end of expiration

Question 105

The metacarpals articulate with the distal end of the phalanges called ___________.

a.) DIP
b.) PIP
c.) MCP
d.) CMC

Answer 105

c.) MCP

Question 106

Which of the following is shown in profile on a lateral projection of the humerus?

a.) greater tubercle
b.) lesser tubercle
c.) glenoid cavity
d.) capitulum

Answer 106

b.) lesser tubercle

Question 107

Which of the following best describes transthoracic lateral projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) lateral projection through the thorax
b.) right and left lateral projection
c.) used on transthoracic shoulders
d.) indicated by which shoulder is firtherest away from IR

Answer 107

a.) lateral projection through the thorax
b.) right and left lateral projection
c.) used on transthoracic shoulders

Question 108

For the inferosuperior axial shoulder projection,
1.) the patients shoulder is elevated on a sponge or washcloth
2.) the patients head is tilted and rotated toward the affected shoulder
3.) the patients affecteda rm is externally rotated
4.) lesser tubercle in profile and directed anteriorly

a.) 2 and 3 only
b.) 1, 3 and 4 only
c.) 1 and 2 only
d.) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 108

b.) 1, 3 and 4 only

Question 109

Which of the following best describes the reason lordotic chest radiographs are ordered by a physician?

a.) no special reason
b.) place clavicles well above the apices of the lungs. In order to rule out masses or calcifications under the clavicles
c.) place clavicles down into the lungs
d.) see diaphragm

Answer 109

b.) place clavicles well above the apices of the lungs. In order to rule out masses or calcifications under the clavicles

Question 110

How should arm be placed for the glenoid cavity projection of the shoulder?

a.) externally
b.) internally
c.) neutral
d.) arm straight up in the air

Answer 110

c.) neutral

Question 111

Lying down in any position best describes which term?

a.) recumbent
b.) standing in RPO
c.) standing in lateral position
d.) erect

Answer 111

a.) recumbent

Question 112

How should the epicondyles be placed for the lateral position of the shoulder?

a.) 30 degrees
b.) 45 degrees
c.) parallel
d.) perpendicular

Answer 112

d.) perpendicular

Question 113

Choose all that apply to anatomic marker placement (including extremities).

a.) mark right side
b.) mark left side
c.) marker should be placed on patients lateral side
d.) every image should be marked correctly

Answer 113

a.) mark right side
b.) mark left side
c.) marker should be placed on patients lateral side
d.) every image should be marked correctly

Question 114

Which arm should be raised for the transthoracic lateral projection?

a.) affected arm
b.) unaffected arm

Answer 114

b.) unaffected arm

Question 115

Which projection best demonstrates the following:
1.) entire toes, including distal ends of metatarsals
2.) toes seperated from each other
3.) no rotation of phalanges
4.) open IP and MTP joint spaces

a.) AP medial oblique projection
b.) AP lateral oblique projection
c.) AP or AP axial projection
d.) lateral toe projection

Answer 115

c.) AP or AP axial projection

Question 116

The capitulum of the humerus articulates with the:

a.) ulnar coracoid process
b.) radial head
c.) trochlea
d.) lateral epicondyle

Answer 116

b.) radial head

Question 117

Which of the following projections of the elbow will demonstrate the olecranon processwithin the olecranon fossa?

a.) AP, acute flexion
b.) AP oblique, lateral rotation
c.) AP oblique, medial rotation
d.) AP, partial flexion

Answer 117

c.) AP oblique, medial rotation

Question 118

Which of the following is demonstrated free of superimposition on an AP oblique projection of the elbow in lateral rotation?

a.) radial head and neck
b.) olecranon process
c.) capitulum
d.) trochlea

Answer 118

a.) radial head and neck

Question 119

Situation: A patient enters the ER with a midshaft humeral fracture. The AP projection taken on the cart demonstrates another fracture near the surgical neck of the humerus. The patient is unable to stand or rotatethe humerus due to the extent of the trauma. What other projection should be taken for this patient?

a.) scapular Y lateral- AP oblique projection
b.) rotational lateral projection for humerus
c.) horizontal beam transthoracic lateral projection for humerus
d.) apical oblique projection

Answer 119

c.) horizontal beam transthoracic lateral projection for humerus

Question 120

For the coyle method the central ray is directed ____________ the shoulder for the ___________.

a.) radial head; elbow
b.) coranoid; elbow
c.) toward; radial head
d.) away; coranoid

Answer 120

c.) toward; radial head

Question 121

Which of the following is the correct CR level and inches for AP projection of the chest?

a.) CR level T3 and 7’’ below jugular notch
b.) CR level T4 and 3’’ below jugular notch
c.) CR level T7 and 7’’ to 8’’ below jugular notch
d.) CR level T7 and 3’’ to 4’’ below jugular notch

Answer 121

d.) CR level T7 and 3’’ to 4’’ below jugular notch

Question 122

Where is the central ray directed for the supine abdomen projection?

a.) perpendicular to level of iliac crest
b.) 2’’ above iliac crest
c.) 1’’ above iliac crest
d.) 1’’ below iliac crest

Answer 122

a.) perpendicular to level of iliac crest

Question 123

Which of the following evaluation criteria are best visualized with 60 degree LAO chest projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) great vessels
b.) heart outline
c.) air filled trachea

Answer 123

a.) great vessels
b.) heart outline
c.) air filled trachea

Question 124

What is the correct obliquity for PA oblique hand projection?

a.) 10 degrees
b.) 20 degrees
c.) 30 degrees
d.) 45 degrees

Answer 124

d.) 45 degrees

Question 125

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on oblique thumb? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal phalynx
b.) proximal phalynx
c.) first metacarpal
d.) trapezium
e.) DIP joint is open
f.) IP joint is open
g.) MCP joint is open

Answer 125

a.) distal phalynx
b.) proximal phalynx
c.) first metacarpal
d.) trapezium
e.) IP joint is open
g.) MCP joint is open

Question 126

Where is the central ray directed on digits 2-5?

a.) PIP joint
b.) DIP joint
c.) MCP joint
d.) IP joint

Answer 126

a.) PIP joint

Question 127

For an AP projection of the shoulder with the arm in a neutral position, the epicondyles of the humerus should be:

a.) 60 degrees with the plane of the IR
b.) 45 degrees with the plane of the IR
c.) perpendilcular with the plane of the IR
d.) parallel with the place of the IR

Answer 127

b.) 45 degrees with the plane of the IR

Question 128

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the lateral projection of the forearm? Choose all that apply.

a.) elbow flexed 90 degrees
b.) ulnar head superimposed over the radius
c.) humeral epicondyles superimposed
d.) humeral condyles superimposed
e.) radial head superimposed over coronoid process
f.) radial tuberosity demonstrated

Answer 128

a.) elbow flexed 90 degrees
b.) ulnar head superimposed over the radius
c.) humeral epicondyles superimposed
e.) radial head superimposed over coronoid process
f.) radial tuberosity demonstrated

Question 129

Which of the following digits should be placed in the mediolateral for the lateral projection?

a.) 1st digit
b.) 2nd digit
c.) 3rd digit
d.) 4th digit

Answer 129

b.) 2nd digit

Question 130

Which of the following terms best describes upright, stand or sitting erect?

a.) prone
b.) supine
c.) recumbent
d.) erect

Answer 130

d.) erect

Question 131

The top of the Y on a PA/AP oblique scapular Y shoulder projection are formed by the
1.) coracoid
2.) scapular body
3.) acromion
4.) glenoid fossa

a.) 3 and 4 only
b.) 2 and 3 only
c.) 1 and 3 only
d.) 1 and 2 only

Answer 131

c.) 1 and 3 only

Question 132

The area between the two lungs is called the:

a.) pleural space
b.) mediastinum
c.) bificant
d.) carina

Answer 132

b.) mediastinum

Question 133

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on PA hand projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) PA of entire hand
b.) 1/2’’ of distal forearm
c.) 1’’ of distal forearm
d.) oblique view of the thumb

Answer 133

a.) PA of entire hand
c.) 1’’ of distal forearm
d.) oblique view of the thumb

Question 134

AP elbow projection with accurate positioning should demonstrate:
1.) the medial and lateral humeral epicondyles in profile
2.) the radial tuberosity in medially
3.) olecranon process in olecranon fossa
4.) the ulna free of radial head and radial tuberosity superimposition

a.) 2 and 4 only
b.) 1 and 3 only
c.) 1 , 2, and 3 only
d.) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 134

c.) 1, 2, and 3 only

Question 135

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the lateral wrist projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal radius
b.) distal ulna
c.) carpals
d.) midcarpal area

Answer 135

a.) distal radius
b.) distal ulna
c.) carpals
d.) midcarpal area

Question 136

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the lateral decubitus? Choose all that apply.

a.) air filled stomach
b.) loops of bowel
c.) air fluid levels
d.) bilateral disphragm

Answer 136

a.) air filled stomach
b.) loops of bowel
c.) air fluid levels
d.) bilateral diaphragm

Question 137

What is the correct position of the fingers on a lateral thumb projection?

a.) fingers out straight
b.) fingers should be arched
c.) fingers should be obliqued

Answer 137

b.) fingers should be arched

Question 138

Clubfoot is also called:

a.) congentital hip dysphasia
b.) talipes equinovirus
c.) trimalleolar fracture
d.) none of the above

Answer 138

b.) talipes equinovirus

Question 139

What is the correct degree of angulation on the AP axial projection of the clavicle?

a.) 15 to 30 degrees
b.) 10 degrees
c.) 20 degrees
d.) 15 degrees

Answer 139

a.) 15 to 30 degrees

Question 140

Which of the following evaluation criterai are demonstrated on the supine abdomen? Choose all that apply.

a.) outline of liver, spleen, kidneys and stomach
b.) bowel segments
c.) symphisis pubis
d.) ischial tuberosity

Answer 140

a.) outline of liver
b.) bowel segments
c.) symphisis pubis

Question 141

Which of the following evaluation criteria positions are demonstrated on PA digits? Choose all that apply.

a.) no rotation is evident by concavities of shaft of phalanges and metacarpals
b.) equal tissue on each side of the phalanges
c.) fingers seperated with no soft tissue overlap
d.) interphalangeal joints open

Answer 141

a.) no rotation is evident by concavities of shaft of phalanges and metacarpals
b.) equal tissue on each side of the phalanges
c.) fingers seperated with no soft tissue overlap
d.) interphalangeal joints open

Question 142

An internally rotated AP oblique elbow projection with accurate positioning demonstrates which of the following structures in profile?
1.) capitulum
2.) radial head
3.) medial epicondyle
4.) coronoid process

a.) 1 and 2 only
b.) 3 and 4 only
c.) 2 and 3 only
d.) 1 and 4 only

Answer 142

b.) 3 and 4 only

Question 143

For a PA projection of the second digitt the central ray is directed to the ___________ joint.

a.) carpometacarpal
b.) proximal interphalangeal
c.) distal interaphalangeal
d.) metacarpophalangeal

Answer 143

b.) proximal interaphalangeal

Question 144

For the AP projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles should be:

a.) parallel to the IR
b.) superimposition over each other
c.) perpendicular to the IR
d.) not clearly seena

Answer 144

a.) parallel to the IR

Question 145

For the grashey projection the CR should be 2 inches inferior and 2 inches medial from seperiolateral border of the shoulder.

a.) true
b.) false

Answer 145

a.) true

Question 146

Where should the CR be directed on the transthoracic lateral humerus projection?

a.) surgical neck
b.) distal humerus
c.) mid diaphysis shaft
d.) mid shoulder

Answer 146

c.) mid diaphysis shaft

Question 147

The greater tubercle will be partially superimposed over the humeral head on which of the following projections are positions? Choose all that apply.

a.) AP, internal rotation
b.) AP, neutral rotation
c.) AP, external rotation
d.) PA oblique, scapular Y

Answer 147

a.) AP, internal rotation

Question 148

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the AP humerus projection. CHoose all that apply.

a.) greater tubercle in profile laterally
b.) humeral head partially seen in profile medially
c.) minimal superimpostion of glenoid cavity
d.) humeral epicondyles 45 degrees to the IR

Answer 148

a.) greater tubercle in profile laterally
b.) humeral head partially seen in profile medially
c.) minimal superimpostion of glenoid cavity

Question 149

Each phalanx consists of three parts called: Choose all that apply.

a.) head
b.) body/shaft
c.) base
d.) distal

Answer 149

a.) head
b.) body/shaft
c.) base

Question 150

For a transthoracic lateral projection, the proximal humerus should be projected:

a.) over the verterbral column
b.) directly over the opposite humerus
c.) over the sternum
d.) between the vertebral column and sternum

Answer 150

d.) between the vertebral column and sternum

Question 151

Which of the following best describes projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) refers to the side of
b.) body part from which CR exists
c.) true lateral is always 90 degrees, if not a true lateral is a oblique
d.) part closest to the IR

Answer 151

a.) referes to the side of
b.) body part from which CR exists
c.) true lateral is always 90 degrees, if not a true lateral is a oblique
d.) part closest to the IR

Question 152

Neutral rotation of shoulder which of the following should be demonstrated?
1.) proximal one third of humerus
2.) upper scapula
3.) lateral two thirds of clavicle
4.) humeral head in partial profile
5.) greater and lesser tubercles superimposed by humeral head

a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 2, 4 and 5
d.) 1, 2, 3 and 5

Answer 152

d.) 1, 2, 3 and 5