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respiratory system > procedures and pharmacology > Flashcards

procedures and pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

arterial blood gases (ABGs)

A

test of arterial blood; generally used to determine oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in blood

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2
Q

sputum culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A

Laboratory test of sputum for bacterial infection by placing it on culture medium and observing for any bacterial growth; specimen is then tested to determine antibiotic effectiveness

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3
Q

sputum cytology

A

microscopic examination sputum for malignant cells

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4
Q

broncography

A

process of recording lung after radiopaque substance inserted into trachea or bronchial tube; x-ray produced is bronchogram

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5
Q

chest X-ray (CXR)

A

taking radiographic picture of lungs and heart from back and sides

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6
Q

pulmonary angiography

A

process of recording long blood vessels after injecting dye into bloodstream; x-ray produced is pulmonary angiogram

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7
Q

ventilation-perfusion scan

A

nuclear medicine, diagnostic test especially useful in identifying pulmonary emboli; radioactive error is inhaled for ventilation portion to determine if air is filling entire lung; radioactive intravenous injection shows if blood is flowing to all parts of lung

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8
Q

bronchoscopy

A

process of visually examining instead of bronchi; uses instrument called bronchoscope

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9
Q

laryngoscopy

A

process of visually examining interior of larynx with lighted instrument called laryngoscope

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10
Q

oximetry

A

process of measuring oxygen level in blood using device, oximeter, placed on patient’s fingertip or earlobe

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11
Q

pulmonary function test (PFT)

A

Group of diagnostic tests that give information regarding airflow in and out of lungs, long volumes, and gas exchange between lungs and bloodstream

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12
Q

spirometry

A

process of measuring lung capacity using instrument called spirometer

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13
Q

polysomnography (PSG)

A

process of recording several body functions while patient sleeps; includes breathing pattern, brain waves, oxygen level, heart rate, and eye and body movements; test often used to identify sleep apnea; also called sleep apnea study

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14
Q

sweat test

A

test for cystic fibrosis; patients with this disease have abnormally large amount of salt in their sweat

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15
Q

tuberculin skin test

A

procedure in which tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is applied under surface of skin to determine if patient has been exposed to tuberculosis; also called a mantoux test

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16
Q

aerosol therapy

A

medication suspended, and missed in air for inhalation; delivered by nebulizer, which provides for a period of time while patients, or metered-dose inhaler (MDI), which delivers single puff of mist

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17
Q

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

A

Machine that supplies, constant and steady air pressure through mask; keeps airways continuously open; common treatment for sleep apnea

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18
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placing of a tube through mouth, through glottis, and into trachea to create patent airway

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19
Q

intermittent positive pressure (IPPB)

A

method for assisting patients in breathing using mask connected to machine that produces increased positive thoracic pressure; used to assist persons with severe lung disease increase the depth of their breaths

20
Q

nasal cannula

A

two-pronged plastic device for delivering oxygen into nose; one prong is inserted into each naris

21
Q

postural drainage

A

drainage of secretion from bronchi by placing patient in position that uses gravity to promote drainage; used for treatment of cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis

22
Q

Supplemental oxygen therapy

A

providing patient with additional concentration of oxygen to improve oxygen levels in bloodstream; oxygen may be provided by mask or nasal cannula

23
Q

ventilator

A

Machine that provides artificial ventilation for patients unable to breathe on their own; also called respirator

24
Q

hyperbaric oxygen treatment

A

Treatment that occurs inside a sealed pressure chamber; one person breathes air at roughly two-and-a-half times normal atmospheric pressure; this increased pressure results in an increased amount of oxygen passing into the bloodstream; used to treat conditions such as poorly healing wounds, infections, bone infections, carbon monoxide poisoning

25
Q

bronchoplasty

A

surgical repair of a bronchus

26
Q

laryngectomy

A

surgical removal of larynx

27
Q

laryngoplasty

A

surgical repair of larynx

28
Q

lobectomy

A

surgical removal of a lobe of a lung

29
Q

pleurectomy

A

surgical removal of pleura

30
Q

pleurocentesis

A

puncture into pleural space with needle in order to withdraw fluid; may be treatment for excessive fluid accumulating or to obtain fluid for diagnostic examination

31
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical repair of nose

32
Q

thoracentesis

A

puncture of chest wall for removal of fluids; also called thoracocentesis

33
Q

thoracostomy

A

surgical creation of small opening into chest cavity in order to insert tube for purpose of draining off fluid or air; also called chest tube

34
Q

thoracotomy

A

cutting into chest cavity

35
Q

tracheotomy

A

cutting into trachea; often performed in emergency situations to create opening directly into trachea to allow patient to breathe easier; also called tracheostomy

36
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

emergency treatment provided by persons trained in CPR and given to patients when their respiration and heart stop; CPR provides oxygen to brain, heart, and other vital organs until medical treatment can restore normal heart and pulmonary function

37
Q

Heimlich maneuver

A

Technique for removing foreign body from trachea or pharynx by exerting diaphragmatic pressure

38
Q

percussion

A

Medically, speaking, is use of fingertips to tap on body surface to assess condition beneath; determined in part by feel of surface as it is tapped and the sound generated

39
Q

antibiotic

A

Kills bacteria causing a respiratory infection

40
Q

antihistamine

A

blocks effects of histamine released by body during allergy attack

41
Q

antitussive

A

relieves urge to cough

42
Q

bronchodilator

A

relaxes muscle spasms in bronchial tubes; used to treat asthma

43
Q

corticosteroids

A

reduce inflammation and swelling in respiratory tract

44
Q

decongestant

A

reduces stuffiness and congestion throughout respiratory system

45
Q

expectorant

A

improves ability to cough up mucus from respiratory tract

46
Q

mucolytic

A

liquefies mucus so it is easier to cough and clear from respiratory tract

respiratory system (6 decks)

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