procedures and pharmacology

Question 1

blood analyzer

Answer 1

automated machine that analyzes different characteristics of blood specimen, such as complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and blood clotting test

Question 2

blood culture and sensitivity

Answer 2

sample of blood is incubated and laboratory to check for bacterial growth; if bacteria are present, they are identified and tested to determine to which antibiotics they are sensitive

Question 3

c-reactive protein (CRP) test

Answer 3

blood test for inflammation; c-reactive protein (CRP) is produced in released in a bloodstream by liver; blood levels become elevated in response to inflammation

Question 4

complete blood count (CBC)

Answer 4

combination of blood tests; includes red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), white blood cell differential, and platelet count

Question 5

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Answer 5

blood tested, determine rate at which mature red blood cells settle out of blood after addition of anticoagulant; indicates presence of inflammatory disease

Question 6

hematocrit

Answer 6

blood test to measure volume of red blood cells (erythrocytes) within total volume of blood

Question 7

hemoglobin

Answer 7

blood test to measure amount of hemoglobin present in given volume of blood

Question 8

metabolic panel

Answer 8

A group of eight (basic metabolic panel [BMP]) or 14 (comprehensive metabolic panel [CMP]) separate blood tests to obtain information about body’s chemical balance, metabolism, and kidney and liver health

Question 9

platelet count

Answer 9

blood test to measure number of platelets in given volume of blood

Question 10

prothrombin time

Answer 10

blood test to determine blood’s coagulation abilities by measuring how long it takes for a clot to form after prothrombin has been activated

Question 11

red blood cell count (RBC)

Answer 11

blood test to determine number of erythrocytes in volume of blood; decrease in red blood cells may indicate anemia; increase may indicate polycythemia

Question 12

red blood cell morphology

Answer 12

blood test to identify diseases such as sickle cell anemia by examination of (study of) specimen of blood for abnormalities in shape (morphology) of erythrocytes

Question 13

type and cross-match

Answer 13

two blood tests performed before a blood transfusion; first, the blood type of both donor and recipient is double checked that they are the same; second is the cross-match test where small samples of both bloods are mixed together and observed for adverse reactions

Question 14

white blood cell count (WBC)

Answer 14

blood test to measure number of leukocytes in volume of blood; increase may indicate presence of infection or disease such as leukemia; decrease in white blood cells may be caused by radiation therapy or chemotherapy

Question 15

white blood cell differential

Answer 15

blood test to determine number of each variety of leukocytes in volume of blood

Question 16

bone marrow aspiration

Answer 16

sample of bone marrow is removed by aspiration with a needle; sample is then examined for diseases such as leukemia or aplastic anemia

Question 17

autologous transfusion

Answer 17

procedure for collecting and installing patient’s own (self) blood several weeks prior to actual need; can then be used to replace blood loss during surgical procedure

Question 18

blood transfusion

Answer 18

artificial transfer of blood into bloodstream

Question 19

bone marrow transplant

Answer 19

patient receives red bone marrow from donor after patient’s own bone marrow has been destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy

Question 20

homologous transfusion

Answer 20

replacement of blood by transfusion of blood received from another person (same species), not your own blood

Question 21

packed red cells

Answer 21

transfusion in which most of plasma, leukocytes, and platelets have been removed, leaving only erythrocytes

Question 22

plasmapheresis

Answer 22

method of removing plasma from body without depleting formed elements; whole blood is removed and cells and plasma are separated; cells are returned to patient along with donor plasma transfusion

Question 23

platelet-rich plasma therapy

Answer 23

injection of a person’s own plasma with concentrated platelets; platelets contain growth factors that help heal wounds and injured tendons, ligaments, muscles, and joints

Question 24

whole blood

Answer 24

transfusion of a mixture of both plasma and formed elements

Question 25

anticoagulant

Answer 25

prevents blood clot formation; commonly referred to as blood thinner

Question 26

antithemorrhagic

Answer 26

prevents or stops hemorrhaging; hemostatic agent

Question 27

antiplatelet agents

Answer 27

interferes with action of platelets; prolongs bleeding time; used to prevent heart attack and stroke

Question 28

fibrinolytic

Answer 28

dissolves existing blood clots

Question 29

hematinic

Answer 29

increases number of erythrocytes or amount of hemoglobin in blood