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Surg 2030: Chapter 14 > Procedures > Flashcards

Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

History and Physical Examination

A

Goal: Assess overall health and identify abnormalities
Anatomy: Entire body
Pathology: General health issues

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2
Q

Diagnostic Imaging

A

Goal: Visualize internal structures
Anatomy: Varies by target area
Pathology: Structural changes, tumors

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3
Q

Plain Radiograph

A

Goal: Basic X-ray imaging to diagnose disease and injury
Anatomy: Bones, soft tissues
Pathology: Fractures, infections, tumors

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4
Q

Mammography

A

Goal: Screen for breast cancer
Anatomy: Breasts
Pathology: Breast tumors

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5
Q

Radiopaque Contrast Media Imaging

A

Goal: Enhance imaging of internal structures
Anatomy: urinary system
Pathology: Blockages

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6
Q

Contrast Media

A

Goal: Improves visibility of internal organs in imaging
Anatomy: Various organs
Pathology: Obstructions

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7
Q

Computed Axial Tomography (CAT) Scan

A

Goal: Generate detailed cross-sectional images
Anatomy: Brain, chest, abdomen, etc.
Pathology: trauma, infections

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8
Q

Fluoroscopy

A

Goal: Real-time imaging of internal movements
Anatomy: GI tract, joints
Pathology: catheter placements

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9
Q

Angiography

A

Goal: Visualize blood vessels
Anatomy: Arteries, veins
Pathology: aneurysms

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10
Q

Cardiac Catheterization

A

Goal: Diagnose and treat heart conditions
Anatomy: Heart, coronary arteries
Pathology: valve issues

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11
Q

Seldinger Technique

A

Goal: Provide vascular access
Anatomy: Blood vessels
Pathology: Guide for imaging or intervention

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12
Q

Cholangiography

A

Goal: Visualize bile ducts
Anatomy: Bile ducts
Pathology: Gallstones

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13
Q

Nuclear Imaging

A

Goal: Assess organ function
Anatomy: Heart, bones
Pathology: cancer

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14
Q

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

A

Goal: Examine metabolic activity
Anatomy: Brain, heart, whole body
Pathology: neurological disorders

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15
Q

Scintigraphy

A

Goal: Functional imaging of organs
Anatomy: Thyroid, bones, etc.
Pathology: Organ dysfunction

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16
Q

Breast-Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI)

A

Goal: Detect breast cancer
Anatomy: Breasts
Pathology: Breast tumors

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17
Q

Stress Test

A

Goal: Assess heart function under stress
Anatomy: Heart
Pathology: Coronary artery disease

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18
Q

Bone Scan

A

Goal: Detect bone abnormalities
Anatomy: Bones
Pathology: Fractures

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19
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A

Goal: Create detailed images of soft tissues
Anatomy: Brain, spine, joints, etc.
Pathology: Tumors, injuries

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20
Q

Ultrasonography

A

Goal: Real-time imaging using sound waves
Anatomy: Organs, fetus
Pathology: Pregnancy, obstructions

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21
Q

Doppler Ultrasonography

A

Goal: Measure blood flow
Anatomy: Blood vessels
Pathology: Clots

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22
Q

Echocardiography

A

Goal: Visualize heart function
Anatomy: Heart
Pathology: heart failure

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23
Q

Plethysmography

A

Goal: Measure blood volume changes
Anatomy: Limbs
Pathology: Circulatory issues

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24
Q

Phleborheography

A

Goal: Detect venous blood flow abnormalities
Anatomy: Veins
Pathology: Clots

25
Q

Electrodiagnostic Studies

A

Goal: Evaluate nerve and muscle function
Anatomy: Nerves & muscles
Pathology: Neuromuscular disorders

26
Q

Electrocardiography (EKG/ECG)

A

Goal: Monitor heart’s electrical activity
Anatomy: Heart
Pathology: heart conditions

27
Q

Electroencephalography (EEG)

A

Goal: Record brain electrical activity
Anatomy: Brain
Pathology: Seizures, brain disorders

28
Q

Electromyography (EMG)

A

Goal: Test muscle response to nerve signals
Anatomy: Muscles, nerves
Pathology: Weakness & nerve injury

29
Q

Intraoperative Neuromonitoring

A

Goal: Protect nerve function during surgery
Anatomy: Nerves, spinal cord
Pathology: Prevent nerve damage

30
Q

Pulmonary Assessment

A

Goal: Evaluate lung function
Anatomy: Lungs
Pathology: Respiratory disorders

31
Q

Pulse Oximetry

A

Goal: Measure blood oxygen levels
Anatomy: Blood (arterial)
Pathology: Hypoxia

32
Q

Capnography

A

Goal: Monitor CO2 levels in exhaled air
Anatomy: Lungs
Pathology: Respiratory distress

33
Q

Spirometry

A

Goal: Assess lung function and airflow
Anatomy: Lungs
Pathology: Asthma

34
Q

Blood Gases

A

Goal: Evaluate oxygen, CO2, and pH levels in blood
Anatomy: Blood (arterial)
Pathology: Respiratory imbalances

35
Q

Laboratory Studies

A

Goal: Analyze body fluids or tissues
Anatomy: Blood, urine, tissue samples
Pathology: Infections, systemic diseases

36
Q

Blood Test (Panel)

A

Goal: Assess various health markers
Anatomy: Blood
Pathology: disorders and infections

37
Q

Urinalysis

A

Goal: Test urine for abnormalities
Anatomy: Urinary system
Pathology: UTIs

38
Q

Clean Catch

A

Goal: Collect sterile urine sample
Anatomy: Urinary system
Pathology: Bacterial infections

39
Q

Bacteriological Tests

A

Goal: Detect and identify bacteria
Anatomy: Body fluids, tissues
Pathology: Infections

40
Q

Culture and Sensitivity

A

Goal: Identify microorganisms and best treatment
Anatomy: Body fluids, tissues
Pathology: Infections

41
Q

Gram Stain

A

Goal: Differentiate bacteria types
Anatomy: Bacteria
Pathology: Bacterial classification

42
Q

Biopsy

A

Goal: Extract and analyze tissue
Anatomy: Specific tissue
Pathology: Cancer

43
Q

Tissue Biopsy

A

Goal: Examine tissue samples
Anatomy: Various tissues
Pathology: Tumors, infections

44
Q

Blood Specimen

A

Goal: Collect blood for testing
Anatomy: Blood
Pathology: Hematologic conditions

45
Q

Washings and Brush Specimens

A

Goal: Collect cells from internal surfaces
Anatomy: GI tract
Pathology: Tumors, infections

46
Q

Incisional Biopsy

A

Goal: Remove part of a lesion for testing
Anatomy: Lesion tissue
Pathology: abnormal tissue

47
Q

Excisional Biopsy

A

Goal: Remove entire lesion for testing
Anatomy: Lesion tissue
Pathology: abnormal tissue

48
Q

Centesis

A

Goal: Remove fluid from a body cavity
Anatomy: Abdomen
Pathology: Effusions

49
Q

Paracentesis

A

Goal: Remove fluid from the peritoneal cavity
Anatomy: Abdomen
Pathology: infections

50
Q

Myelography

A

Goal: Visualize spinal cord and nerve roots using contrast
Anatomy: Spinal cord
Pathology: Herniated discs

51
Q

Urography

A

Goal: Visualize urinary tract using contrast
Anatomy: Kidneys, bladder
Pathology: Stones, blockages

52
Q

Frozen Section

A

Goal: quickly examine tissue during surgery
Anatomy: Tissue sample from surgical site
Pathology: Cancer

53
Q

Needle Biopsy

A

Goal: Taking tissue sample using a needle for testing
Anatomy: Targeted organ or tissue
Pathology: Tumors, infections

54
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Goal: Remove fluid from the pleural space
Anatomy: Pleural cavity (around lungs)
Pathology: infection

55
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Goal: Obtain amniotic fluid for testing
Anatomy: Amniotic sac
Pathology: Genetic disorders

56
Q

Pericardiocentesis

A

Goal: Remove fluid from the pericardial sac
Anatomy: Pericardium
Pathology: Pericardial effusion

57
Q

Spinal Tap (Lumbar Puncture)

A

Goal: Collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for testing
Anatomy: lumbar region
Pathology: Meningitis, multiple sclerosis

58
Q

Endoscopy

A

Goal: Visualize internal organs with a camera
Anatomy: GI tract
Pathology: Ulcers, polyps

59
Q

Products of Conception (POC) Pathology

A

Goal: Examine tissue post-pregnancy loss or termination
Anatomy: Uterine tissue, fetal tissue
Pathology: miscarriage/abortion

Surg 2030: Chapter 14 (6 decks)

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