Problems Faces By Russias Different Social Classes Flashcards
Working-class in the cities
12+ working hours
No social insurance scheme
1861 to 1912 urban populations trebled
First major strike in St Petersburg was 1896
St Petersburg
Over 40% of the buildings in 1900 were timber
Number of prostitutes estimated at 40,000 more than 5% of the female population
In both St Petersburg and Moscow most people lived in multi occupied apartments the average apartment in Saint Petersburg in the 1900s housed 7.4 people and 1.7 people per room
90% of apartments of three rooms are more had running water and water closets
Typhus was rife in Saint Petersburg in 1908 7700 had typhus
Moscow
2/3 of buildings were wooden
In 1912 only 29% of the population had been born there
It is estimated that every year 100,000 people left Moscow to live elsewhere while 150,000 arrived
In 1902 census it revealed that 18% were skilled manual workers 31% were semi-skilled, 16% unskilled workers and 8% were unemployed also 75% of men were literate 50% of women were literate to
Mortality rate was 24 per thousand higher than St Petersburg before the war
Peasants in the countryside
Agricultural methods were outdated serfdom had ended in the 1860s
Poor harvest in 1899 to 1902 lead to famine
1863 to 97 the role of population increased by over 50% to 50 to 79 millions
Peasants owned 68% of land in 1905 but still struggle to feed families
82% of population peasants in 1897 census
Intelligentsia Andy isle class
No political influence
Over 70,000 involved with the zemstva in 1905
University students banned from holding political meetings violators could be imprisoned without trial indefinitely
1901 the student demonstration in Saint Petersburg joined by many others Cossacks chose the crowd killing 13 and injuring thousand also 1500 students were arrested and imprisoned
Nationalities
Russia contained well over 100. Ethnic groups
Russification was deeply resented
Judaea phobia was widespread and a mother fell upon the last local Jewish population noting assaulting raping and murdering in the infamous pogrom of 1903
