Problem Solving and Reasoning & Polya's 4-Step PS

Question 1

it is a situation that confronts the learner, that requires resolution, and for which the path to the answer is not immediately known

Answer 1

problem

Question 2

is the process by which this new situation is analyzed and resolved

Answer 2

problem solving

Question 3

problem solving is not just an exercise carried out in the classroom, but a ________ that must be used continually in business and daily life

Answer 3

skill

Question 4

these are procedures or strategies that do not guarantee a solution to a problem but provide a more highly probable method for discovering the solution to a problem

Answer 4

heuristics

Question 5

this strategy is used to solve problems that include a number of linked factors or events, where some of the information has not been provided, usually at the beginning of the problem

Answer 5

working backwards

Question 6

These are often referred to as “trial and error”, it is important to recognize that an error really isn’t a mistake at all. It helps to guide the problem solver to the next attempt at the answer.

Answer 6

Guess and check

Question 7

it is the most common problem solving strategy as it represents the problem in a way we can see it, understand it and thinking about while looking for the next step

Answer 7

make a diagram

Question 8

this is a systematic method of organizing information in rows and/or columns to clearly analyze information and then solve the problem by completing it

Answer 8

make a list

Question 9

this strategy entails looking for repeating items in the data in order to solve the problem

Answer 9

look for a pattern

Question 10

this method can be used if a problem can’t be solved right away and must be solved one part at a time till its finished

Answer 10

divide and conquer

Question 11

these involves the usage of simpler or more familiar case of the problems to answer a complicated problem

Answer 11

solve a simpler problem

Question 12

this method is used when we pretend to be on someone’s shoes instead of just ourselves

Answer 12

adopting a different point of view

Question 13

these involves acting out what the people or things in a problem do

Answer 13

act it out

Question 14

a mathematician educator who strongly believed that the skill of a problem solving can be thought.

Answer 14

George Polya

Question 15

What are Polya’s 4-step process in problem solving?

Answer 15

Understand the Problem, Devise a Plan, Carry out the Plan & Look back (In order)