Data Management

Question 1

is the process of gathering and mesauring information about variables on study established systematic proceudre, which then enable toa naswer relevant questions at hand and evaluate outcomes

Answer 1

Data collection

Question 2

What are the four types of data?

Answer 2

Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio

Question 3

it is sometimes referred to as classificatory scale. this scale is used for classifying and labeling variables without quantitative value

Answer 3

nominal

Question 4

eye color, gender, vsu dormitories and degree programs are examples of

Answer 4

nominal

Question 5

it possesses the characteristics of the nominal scale, where it classifies data, however, the classification has ranks. data is shown in order of magnitude

Answer 5

ordinal

Question 6

educational attainment, instructor’s evaluation, emotion and organizational structure is an example of

Answer 6

ordinal

Question 7

this scale possesses the characteristics of the nominal and ordinal scale where data are classified and ranked.

Answer 7

Interval

Question 8

This scale doesn’t have a true zero.

Answer 8

Interval

Question 9

This scale is a classification that describes the nature of information within the ales assigned to varibles.

Answer 9

Interval

Question 10

IQ, transmutation of grades, BMI and Temperature are examples of

Answer 10

interval

Question 11

This scale possesses the characteristics of nominal, ordinal, and interval scale where zero is absolute. This is the point where the quality being measured does not exist.

Answer 11

Ratio

Question 12

Age, Monthly Income, Height, Allowance are examples of

Answer 12

Ratio

Question 13

is a grouping of the data into cateogires showing the number of observations in each of the non-overlapping classes

Answer 13

frequency distribution

Question 14

is the data collection in original form

Answer 14

raw data

Question 15

is the difference of the highest value and the lowest value in a distribution

Answer 15

range

Question 16

is the organization of data in a tabular form, using mutually exclusive classes showing the number of observations in each

Answer 16

frequency distribution

Question 17

is the highest and lowest vlues describing a class

Answer 17

class limits (apparent limits)

Question 18

is the upper and lower values of a class for group frequency distribution whose values has additional decimal place more than the class limits and end with the digit 5.

Answer 18

class boundaries (real limits)

Question 19

is the distance between the class lower boundary and the class upper boundary and it is denoted by the symbol i.

Answer 19

interval (width)

Question 20

is the number of values in a specific class of a frequency distribution

Answer 20

frequency (f)

Question 21

is obtained by multiplying the relative frequency by 100%

Answer 21

percentage

Question 22

is the sum of the frequencies accumulated up to the upper boundary of a class in a frequency distribution

Answer 22

cumulative frequency (cf)

Question 23

is the point halfway between the class limits of each class and is representative of the data within that class

Answer 23

midpoint

Question 24

is used to organize nomial-level or ordinal-level type of data.

Answer 24

categorical frequency distribution

Question 25

gender, business type, political affiliation and others are examples of the usage of the ___________

Answer 25

categorical frequency distribution

Question 26

is used when the range of the data set is large; the data must be group into classes whether it is categorical data or interval data. For interval data the class is more than one unit in width.

Answer 26

grouped frequency distribution

Question 27

rule i. to determine the number of classes is to use the smallest positive integer 'k' such that '2^k >= n' where 'n' is the total number of observations.

Answer 27

i = range/number of classes = (hv - lv)/k

Question 28

rule 2. another way to determine the class interval is by applying the formula

Answer 28

i = range / ( 1 + 3.322 (lograithm of total frequencies))

Question 29

is a graph which the classes are marked on the horizontal axis and the class frequencies on the vertical axis.

Answer 29

histogram

Question 30

is a graph that displays the data using points which are connected by lines the freuqncies are represented by the heights of the points at the midpoints of the classes. the vertical axis represents the frequency of the distribution while the horizontal represents the midpoints of the frequency distribution.

Answer 30

FREQUENCY POLYGON

Question 31

) is a graph that displays the cumulative frequencies for the classes in a frequency distribution. The vertical axis represents the cumulative frequency of the distribution while the horizontal axis represents the upper class boundaries of the frequency distribution.

Answer 31

CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY POLYGON (OGIVE)

Question 32

is a graph used to represent a frequency distribution for a categorical data (or nominal level) and frequencies are displayed by the heights of the vertical bars which are arranged in order from highest to lowest.

Answer 32

PARETO CHART

Question 33

is similar to bar histogram. The bases of the rectangles are arbitrary intervals whose centres are codes. The height of each rectangle represented the frequency of that category.

Answer 33

BAR CHART

Question 34

is a circle divided into portions that represent the relative frequencies (or percentages) of the data belonging to different categories.

Answer 34

PIE CHART

Question 35

represents data that occur over specific period of time under observation. In addition, it shows trend or pattern on the increase or decrease over the period of time.

Answer 35

TIME SERIES GRAPH

Question 36

immediately suggests the nature of the data being shown. It is combination of the attention-getting quality and the accuracy of the bar chart. Appropriate pictures arranged in a row present the quantities for comparison.

Answer 36

PICTOGRAPH

Question 37

is used to examine possible relationships between two numerical variables. The two variables are plot in 𝑥 axis and 𝑦 axis.

Answer 37

SCATTER PLOT

Question 38

is a central or typical value for a probability distribution. It may also be called a center or location of the distribution.

Answer 38

central tendency

Question 39

measures of central tendency

Answer 39

mean, median, mode

Question 40

the average of the numbers.

Answer 40

mean

Question 41

sample mean is denoted by

Answer 41

(𝑥 ) ̅

Question 42

population mean is denoted by

Answer 42

𝜇

Question 43

is particularly useful when various classes or groups contribute differently to the total.

Answer 43

weighted mean

Question 44

is the value separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half.

Answer 44

median

Question 45

median is denoted by

Answer 45

𝑴𝒅.

Question 46

a set of data values is the value that appears most often.

Answer 46

Mode

Question 47

Mode may exist sometimes does not (T/F)

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Mode denoted by

Answer 48

𝑴𝒐.

Question 49

Measure of dispersion which includes range, interquartile range, absolute deviation, variance and standard deviation is also known as the

Answer 49

measures of spread or variability.

Question 50

measures of dispersion involves

Answer 50

range, variance, interquartile, standard deviation, absolute deviation

Question 51

This is the easiest measure of dispersion. It is the difference between the highest value and the lowest value.

Answer 51

RANGE

Question 52

range is denoted as

Answer 52

𝑅=𝐻𝑉−𝐿𝑉

Question 53

This is the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean. It measures how far a set of numbers are spread out from their average value.

Answer 53

VARIANCE

Question 54

This is the square root of its variance. A low standard deviation indicates that the data set tend to be closed to the mean.

Answer 54

Standard Deviation

Question 55

A high standard deviation indicates that the spread of data points is of wider range. (T/F?)

Answer 55

True

Question 56

This is the average distance of all of the elements in a data set from the mean of the same data set.

Answer 56

Absolute Deviation

Question 57

It is sometimes referred to as measure of location. It is considered as the extension of median. It talks about the position/location of the value relative to the other values in the data set.

Answer 57

Measures of relative position

Question 58

Measures of relative position involves

Answer 58

quartile, percentile, z-scores, box-and-whisker plot

Question 59

This measures divides the observation in four equal parts.

Answer 59

Quartile

Question 60

The lower and the upper quartile value helps us to find the measure of dispersion in the set of observation, which is called as

Answer 60

'inter-quartile range

Question 61

inter quartile range is denoted as

Answer 61

IQR (difference between upper and lower quartile) q3 - q1 = iqr

Question 62

This divides the observation in 100 equal parts.

Answer 62

Percentile

Question 63

This indicates how many standard deviation an element is from the mean. The positive and negative signs indicates the direction of the point away from the mean.

Answer 63

Z-scores or standard scores

Question 64

z-scores denoted as

Answer 64

Z

Question 65

A z-score less than 0 represents an element less than the mean. A z-score greater than 0 represents an element greater than the mean. A z-score equal to 0 represents an element equal to the mean.

Answer 65

TRUE

Question 66

A z-score equal to 1 represents an element that is 1 standard deviation greater than the mean; a z-score equal to 2, 2 standard deviations greater than the mean; etc. A z-score equal to -1 represents an element that is 1 standard deviation less than the mean; a z-score equal to -2, 2 standard deviations less than the mean; etc.

Answer 66

TRUE

Question 67

It is a graph of a data set obained by drawing a horizontal line from the minimum data value to first quartile, drawing a horizontal line to third quartile to the maximum value, and drawing a box whose vertical line passes through Q1 and Q3 with a vertical line inside the box passing through the median or second quartile.

Answer 67

Box-and –Whisker Plot