Problem Solution/job Flashcards
در طول دهه های اخیر
Over recent decades
Decades
/dek’eyd’z/
Over= for - during
Decades= years
بعد از این عبارت فعل جمله باید مجهول باشد
گرامر بکار بردن ۳ اسم
Noun + in + noun + of + noun
A decline in the number of graduates
گرامر حذف عبارت موصولی
Graduates who choose to become teachers
اگر جمله بعد از عبارت موصولی ساده باشد، عبارت موصولی حذف و فعل ing میگیرد
اگر جمله بعد از عبارت موصولی مجهول باشد، عبارت موصولی حذف و فعل به صورت p.p می آید
Graduates choosing to become teachers
Salaries paid by schools
Worrying (adj)
نگران کننده
Worrying trend
Clearly (adverb)
بدون شک
The reasons for this worrying trend clearly need to be analysed
… نیاز است (تجزیه و تحلیل) شود
… need to be (p.p) نیاز است
… have to be (p.p)باید
Need to be analyzed
Have to be found
Leaver
فرد ترک کننده
University-leavers
encourage (v)
/in’ku’rej/
Encourage someone to do something
تشویق کردن-انگیزه دادن
to encourage somebody to do something
کسی را به انجام کاری تشویق کردن
Some unstable persons need to be encouraged to find a vocation.
1. برخی انسان‌های بی‌ثبات نیاز به تشویق شدن دارند تا کاری پیدا کنند.
Profession
/pre’fe’shn/
Occupation
Career
Vocation
encouraging university-leavers to enter the teaching profession have to be found.
popularity
/pa’pio’leriti/
محبوبیت
The fall in the popularity of teaching is related to economic and social factors, as well as health concerns
comparatively (adverb)
/kem’peretiv’li/
relatively
نسبتا
salaries paid by schools are comparatively low
well-qualified (adj)
واجد شرایط
Well-qualified graduates can usually earn more by working in the financial sector
Benefit (v)(n)
N) مزیت - سود
V) سود بردن از چیزی [from]
teachers no longer benefit from the respect they previously enjoyed
Social status (n)
موقعیت اجتماعی
Those working in education used to have the same social status as lawyers, doctors and scientists
potential
/p’ten/shl/
بالقوه-حقیقی
Potential teachers are put off by the thought of long working hours and disruptive students
Put off
دلسرد کردن
Potential teachers are put off by the thought of long working hours and disruptive students
Disruptive (adj)
/dis’raptiv/
مختل کننده
Potential teachers are put off by the thought of long working hours and disruptive students
acknowledge
قبول کردن-تایید کردن
It is widely acknowledged that many working in primary schools or secondary education suffer from stress
Suffer
[from]
از چیزی رنج بردن
It is widely acknowledged that many working in primary schools or secondary education suffer from stress
Arrest (v)
جلوگیری کردن-متوقف کردن
A range of strategies might be used to arrest this decline
Pay rise (n)
[give]
افزایش حقوق
Ministers of Education should give teachers a pay-rise
incentive (n)
Adj + incentive
Ministers of Education should offer financial incentives to newly-qualified recruits
مشوق های مالی
Newly-qualified (adj)
کسانی که به تازگی واجد شرایط شده اند
Ministers of Education should give teachers a pay-rise or offer financial incentives to newly-qualified recruits
recruit (n)
/rik’rut/
کارمند تازه-تازه استخدام شده
Ministers of Education should give teachers a pay-rise or offer financial incentives to newly-qualified recruits
Prove (v)
/p’ruv/
اثبات کردن
Ministers of Education should give teachers a pay-rise or offer financial incentives to newly-qualified recruits or those who prove to be successful.
Launch awareness-raising campaigns to remind the general public about
راه اندازی کمپین های آگاهی رسانی برای به یاد آوردن عموم مردم در مورد
governments ought to launch awareness-raising campaigns to remind the general public about the Importance and value of teachers
ought to
/at’tu/
Should
governments ought to launch awareness-raising campaigns to remind the general public about the Importance and value of teachers
Begin
Begin to
Begin شروع شدن
Begin to شروع به انجام کاری کردن
This might begin to restore teachers’ status as valued citizens
Restore (v)
چیزی را برگرداندن
This might begin to restore teachers’ status as valued citizens
status (n)
/stá’tes/
جایگاه-شأن
This might begin to restore teachers’ status as valued citizens
valued (adj)
/váli’ud/
باارزش
This might begin to restore teachers’ status as valued citizens
discipline (v)
/di’se’plen/
تنبیه کردن-ادب کردن
steps could be taken to reduce the workload of teaching staff and give them powers to discipline poorly-behaved children.
Well-behaved
/bi’hey’vd/
Poorly-behaved
Well-behaved خوش رفتار-مودب
Poorly-behaved بد رفتار-بی ادب
steps could be taken to reduce the workload of teaching staff and give them powers to discipline poorly-behaved children.
Measure (n)
/me’zhr/
Step
اقدام
measures could be introduced to reverse this trend
introduce (v)
/intro’dus/
مطرح کردن
measures could be introduced to reverse this trend
applicant (n)
/ápli’kent/
متقاضی-داوطلب
raise the number of applicants for jobs in schools
Wildly (adverb)
به شدت
I am not wildly optimistic that governments will prioritise this issue
prioritise (v)
/prai’o’ri’taiz/
اولویت بندی کردن
I am not wildly optimistic that governments will prioritise this issue
Endeavor (v)
/in’dever/
Try
I endeavored to explain the legal consequences of his action.
1. من تلاش کردم تا پیامدهای قانونی اعمالش را برایش توضیح دهم.
Examine (v)
بررسی کردن
He examined the crime scene for clues.
1. او صحنه جرم را برای (یافتن) سرنخ، بررسی کرد.
arise (v)
/e’raiz/
به وجود آمدن - رخ دادن
Arise -> arose -> arisen
New difficulties had arisen.
1. مشکلات جدیدی به وجود آمده بودند.
pinpoint (v)
با دقت مشخص کردن
pinpoint the cause of the trouble.
2. با دقت علت آن مشکل را مشخص کن.
