problem set Flashcards
what is defined as a measure of the randomness or disorder of a system
entropy
what is an example of a nonspontaneous process
water freezing at room temperature
a spontaneous endothermic reaction always…
causes the surroundings to get colder
the reaction rates of many spontaneous reactionare very slow because…
the activation energy of the reaction is large
what is necessary for a process to be spontaneous
Suniv is greater than 0
what is true for a system at equilibrium
Ssys= -Ssurr
what is always true for an exothermic process
Qsys is less than 0, Ssurr is greater than 0
for a chemical reaction to be spontaneous only at high temperatures, what conditions must be met
H and S are both greater than 0
for a chemical reaction to be spontaneous at all temperatures, what conditions must be met
S is greater than 0 and H is less than 0.
A negative sign for deltaG indicates that at constant temperature and pressure…
the reaction is spontaneous
the thermodynamical condition for a spontaneous process at constant temperature and pressure is…
deltaG is less than 0
when Q=K,
Grxn=0 and the reaction is at equilibrium
when Q is less than K
Grxn is less tan 0 and the reaction is spontaneous
when Q is greater than K,
Grxn is greater than 0 and the reaction is nonspontaneous
