Problem 2 The self/ identity Flashcards
What kinds of selves do you know
psychodynamic self
individual versus collective self
symbolic interactionist self
p.119
Self Discrepancy theory (important)
Three types of self:
Actual self: how we currently are
Ideal self: how we would like to be
Ought self: how we think we should be
regulatory focus theory
two kinds of focuses
Promotion focus: causes people to be approach oriented
Prevention focus: causes people to be more avoidant
self perception theory
we gain knowledge of ourselves only by making self- attributions: for example we infer our own attitudes to our behaviour
Overjustification effect
in the absence of obvious external determinants of our behaviour, we assume that we freely choose the behaviour because we enjoy it
social comparison theory
comparing our behaviours and opinions with those of others in order to establish the correct or socially approved way of thinking and behaving
Types of identity
Social identity: derives from our membership in social groups
Personal identity: unique personal attributes or unique interpersonal relationships
Types of self
Individual self: based on Personal traits that differentiate the self from others
Relational self: based on connections and role relationships with significant others
Collective self: based on group membership that differentiates “us’’ from ‘‘them’’
Do you know the difference between identity and self?
Identity: the fact of being who or what a person or thing is. Who we believe we are.
Self: a person’s essential being that distinguishes them from others, especially considered as the object
of introspection or reflexive action.
What are Self- motives and do you know all 3 different types?
Self assessment: motivates pursuit of valid information about self
Self verification: motivates pursuit of information that is consistent with our own self- image
Self- enhancement: motivates pursuit of information that makes us look good
p.135
Self-affirmation theory
The theory that people reduce the impact of threat to their self-concept by focusing on and affirming their competence in some other area
Self- esteem
feelings and evaluations about oneself
Terror management theory
the most fundamental human motivation is to reduce the terror of death
What is self-monitoring
Carefully controlling how we present ourselves. there are situational differences and individual differences
