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History > Prisons > Flashcards

Prisons Flashcards

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0
Q

Who was Robert Peel influenced by?

A

Howard and Fry

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1
Q

Who was the Gaol Act passed by?

A

Sir Robert Peel

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2
Q

When was the Gaol Act passed?

A

1823

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3
Q

What were the points for the Gaol act?

A
  • prisons to be secure and health
  • gaolers to be paid
  • prisoners divided into categories
  • women prisons to have women wardens
  • JPs regularly visit and report the the Quarter sessions and the govt
  • attempt to reform through religion education and work
  • paid surgeons, governors and chaplains visit regularly
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4
Q

When was hard labour on crank abolished?

A

1902

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5
Q

When were there better diets and heated cells introduced?

A

1921

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6
Q

When were teachers employed in prisons?

A

1922

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7
Q

When were open prisons intoduced?

A

1936

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8
Q

When could people pay fines rather than go to prison?

A

1914

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9
Q

When were suspended sentences introduced?

A

1967 (could stay out of prison if they re offended)

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10
Q

When was community service introduced?

A

1972

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11
Q

What system was more expensive?

A

Sesperate system

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12
Q

What was the Silent system a basis of?

A

1865 Prisons Act under Sir Edmund du Cane

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13
Q

What did they do in the silent system?

A
  1. Solitary confinement for 9 months
  2. No communications with other prisoners
  3. “Hard labour, hard fare and a hard board”
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14
Q

What happened if a prisoner broke the law in the silent system?

A

Put on a bread and water diet, chained and whipped

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15
Q

What were the 4 main types of work in the silent system?

A
  1. Treadmill
  2. Oakum picking
  3. The crank
  4. Shot drill
16
Q

What was food like in the silent system?

A

Boring as possible based on gruel for breakfast and supper with limited meat for dinner

17
Q

What were beds like in the silent system?

A

Hammocks were replaced by hard boards and no mattresses

18
Q

When was the seperate and silent system introduced?

A

1860s from America

19
Q

What was the seperate system based on the belief of?

A

The human personality was shaped by circumstances and surroundings

20
Q

What was the separate system based on ?

A

Almost total solitary confinement

21
Q

What were uniforms in the separate system like?

A

Included a cape and mask with low peak so inmates would not communicate

22
Q

What was in the chapel in the separate system?

A

There were seperate stalls so they could only see chaplain

23
Q

What happened during exercise in the separate system?

A

They were kept 4.5 metres by a long rope with knots

24
Q

How many people went made in the separate system?

A

22

25
Q

How many people had nervous break downs in the separate system?

A

26

26
Q

How many people committed suixide in the separate system?

A

3

History (10 decks)

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