Principles Revision Flashcards
What makes up the upper respiratory tract?
nasal cavities, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx
What makes up the lower respiratory tract?
Trachea, bronchus, lungs
What is the progression of bronchi as you move down the respiratory tree?
Lobar bronchi, segmental bronchi, bronchioles, aveoli
Where does the larynx become the trachea?
C6
Where does the pharynx become the oesophagus?
C6
How many lobes are there?
5
How many bronchopulmonary segments are there?
10
What are fissures?
crevices that separate the lung lobes
What does each lung lobe and bronchopulmonary segment have?
Air supply, blood supple, lymphatic drainage and nerve supply
What lines the bronchial tree (except distal bronchioles and alveoli) and what does it contain?
respiratory epithelium- mucous glands, cilia
What supports the walls of the trachea and bronchi and what does it do?
Hyaline cartilage, maintains patency (holding them open)
What happens to the amount of cartilage as you move distally?
decreases
What happens to smooth muscle as you move down the respiratory tree?
increases
Do the alveoli contain smooth muscle and cartilage?
no
What is wheeze?
sound made when air passes through constricted airways
