Principles of veterinary anaesthesia Flashcards
Which cavity is the brain located in?
The cranial cavity
What is the function of the brain?
To control and coordinate all the functions of a normal, healthy body
What different types of nervous tissue exist in the CNS?
The tissue may be white matter or grey matter.
What is grey matter?
A type of brain tissue that is normally centred in the cerebellum, medulla, and spinal cord. It contains areas of the neuron which are not covered in fat, so it is not white.
What is white matter?
Brain tissue that contains a high amount of myelinated fat. Usually found at the neuron’s axon
What is the hindbrain associated with?
Hearing, balance and taste
What is the forebrain associated with?
Smell
What is the midbrain associated with?
Sight
What are the components of the forebrain?
The telencephalon (the cerebrum), and the diencephalon
What is the cerebrum?
An area of the forebrain that is involves with voluntary movement, senses and memory
What is the diencephalon?
An area of the forebrain which is made up of three parts - the hypothalamus, the thalamus, and the epithalamus. They are all involved in circadian rhythms, and have control over endocrine functions
What are the three parts of the diencephalon?
The hypothalamus, the thalamus, and the epithalamus. It also contains the posterior and anterior pituitary glands.
Where is the pineal gland found?
In the epithalamus, which is part of the diencephalon, which is in the forebrain
Which part of the brain is the optic nerve associated with?
The diencephalon in the forebrain
What is the function of the pineal gland?
Related to stimulation during daylight. It helps to produce melanin and changes throughout the seasons and oestrus cycle
What is another name for the midbrain?
The mesecephalon
Where is the tegmentum?
The midbrain/mesencephalon. It is the main core of the midbrain
What is the tegmentum associated with?
Vision, hearing, motor control, alertness and thermoregulation
What is the hind brain comprised of?
The cerebellum, medulla oblongata and the pons
What are the general functions of the hindbrain?
Involved with complicated movements of the body, control of circulation and awareness of surroundings
What parts of the brain are involved in the control of respiration?
The medulla oblongata and the pons in the hindbrain
What is the cerebellum responsible for?
For CNS involvement with balance and coordination
What is the main cell of the nervous system?
The neuron
What is the function of a neuron?
To conduct a nerve impulse from one area to another