Principles of Treatment of Toxicoses

Question 1

acutely poisoned animals should be considered as…

Answer 1

an emergency

may have to telephone instructions to clients

Question 2

removal of poison from site of absorption

Answer 2

emetics

gastric lavage

enterogastric lavage

rumenotomy

purgatives (cathartics)

skin washing

Question 3

gastric lavage

Answer 3

unconcious or anesthetized animals

lavage fluid is usually tap water +/- activated charcoal

Question 4

emetics are contraindicated with

Answer 4

unconsciousness, corrosives, petrolium products, dehydration, signs of convulsions

Question 5

enterogastric lavage

Answer 5

combination of stomach tube and enema

Question 6

purgatives (cathartics)

Answer 6

saline purgatives (sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate)

mineral oil - lipid soluble toxicants, followed by saline

Question 7

what is the absorbant of choice

Answer 7

activated charcoal

Question 8

how can elimination be enhanced

Answer 8

fluid therapy and diuretics

urine pH modifiers

peritoneal dialysis

hemodialysis

Question 9

urinary acidifiers

Answer 9

ammonium chloride, methionine

enhance renal excretion of weak bases

Question 10

urinary alkalinizers

Answer 10

sodium bicarbonate

enhance secretion of weak acids (NSAIDs, phenobarb)

Question 11

Intravenous lipid emulsion

Answer 11

advocated for treatment of toxicosis associated with lipophillic agents