Principles of Sports Medicine Flashcards
Multidisciplinary team in sports medicine
Athletic trainers (ATC), Physical therapists, Orthopedic surgeons, Internal med specialists, & Primary Care Providers
If a force (stress) is concentrated over a small area, the mechanical strain is _____
relatively high
When a given force (stress) is distributed over a
larger area, the resulting strain is _____
less than if the
force (stress) were distributed over a smaller area
What does protective equipment do to force?
Eg. Football pads distribute force sustained
across the entire pad, thereby reducing the
stress acting on the underlying structure
What is strain?
The amount of deformation an object
undergoes in response to an applied
force (stress)
Torque is ____
two twisting forces
opposing each other along an axis
Common knee Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Meniscus tears
- Collateral & Cruciate ligament sprains
- Osteochondral lesions/fractures
- Patella dislocation
- Tendonitis
- Bursitis
- Contusion
Common Lower Leg, Ankle & Foot Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Sprains/Strains
- Fractures
– Bi/Trimaleolar, Jones, Lisfranc, Calcaneal, Metatarsal, Phalange,
Stress - Tendonitis
- Ingrown toenail
- Contusion
Common Pelvis, Hip, & Thigh Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Fracture
– Avulsions - Strains
- Bursitis
Common Shoulder Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Fractures
– Clavicle, humerus - Ligament & Capsular Sprains
– A/C, S/C, Capsular structures - Dislocation/Subluxation
- Strains
- Tendonitis
- Bursitis
- Labrum tear
- Nerve injury
Common Elbow, Wrist, & Hand Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Fractures
– Monteggia, Olecranon process, radial head, Colles, Scaphoid,
Boxer’s, phalanges - Sprains/Strains
- Tendonitis/Tendinosis
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
Common Spine Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Cervical Spine
– Sprains/Strains
– Cervical plexus strain
– Brachial plexus strain - Lumbar Spine
– Sprains/Strains
– Spondylosis, spondylolysis,
spondylolisthesis
Common Head Conditions in Sports Medicine
- Concussion
- Eye trauma
- Nose trauma
- Mouth trauma
- Ear trauma
– Laceration, contusion
Physical Rehabilitation - 5 phases
- Acute Injury
- Initial Rehabilitation
- Progressive Rehabilitation
- Integrated Functions
- Return to play
Physical Rehabilitation - PRICES
- Protect
- Rest
- Ice
- Compress
- Elevate
- Stabilize
Repair/Regeneration phase & goals?
– ↑ fibroblastic/osteoblastic
activity
– ↓ inflammation/edema
– Weak scar tissue formation
* Goal
– ↑ pain-free range of motion (active/assisted ROM)
– ↑ isometric strength (gentle)
– Maintain cardiopulmonary conditioning (if possible)
Progressive Repair/Regeneration phase and goal?
– Collagen remodeling
– Scar tissue matures
* gains moderate strength
Goal
– ↑ Passive & Active ROM
– ↑ Isotonic strength
– ↑ cardiopulmonary
conditioning
Remodeling phase and goals
Remodeling Phase
– Mature collagen scar tissue
* strong
* Goal
– ↑ Skills
– Restore proprioception
– Enhance ROM
Patient Confidentiality in sports medicine
- Implied vs Written authorization to
release information - Public interest in athlete’s status
- A brief, factual statement without
confidential details may be used
– All other information must come from the athlete
External pressures on clinical decision making
- Coaches, administrators, parents, boosters, even the athlete
- Stay impartial
- Health of the athlete is preeminent
Performance enhancing drugs
– Stimulants “slow down” the game
– Testosterone prescribing for “Low T”
Inappropriate drug prescribing in sports medicine
– Opioid drug prescribing
– Corticosteroid/anesthetic injections
