Principles of Selecting Antibiotic Therapy

Question 1

What are the temperature ranges for fever, oral, rectal and axillary?

Answer 1

Oral: >100.4 degrees
Rectal: 1 degree above oral
Axillary: 1 degree below oral

Question 2

Name 4 non-infectious causes of fever

Answer 2

Malignancy, collagen vascular disease, drug fever, blood transfusions

Question 3

What are 8 drugs/drug classes that cause drug fever?

Answer 3

B-lactams
Amphotericin
Anticonvulsants
Allopurinol
Hydralazine
Nitrofurantoin
Sulfonamides
Phenothiazines

Question 4

What are 7 systemic signs and symptoms of infection?

Answer 4

Fever
Increased WBC
Chills, rights
Tachycardia > 90 BPM
Tachypnea > 20 BPM
Hypotension SBP< 90 or MAP > 70
Mental status changes

Question 5

What is a normal WBC count?

Answer 5

4,500 - 10,500/mm3

Question 6

What is the percentage of mature neutrophils (PMNs, Polys, Segs) in a WBC differential?

Answer 6

50-70%

Question 7

What is the percentage of immature neutrophils (bands) in a WBC differential?

Answer 7

0-5%

Question 8

What is the percentage of Eosinophils in a WBC differential?

Answer 8

0-5%

Question 9

What is the percentage Basophils in a WBC differential?

Answer 9

0-2%

Question 10

What is the percentage of lymphocytes in a WBC differential?

Answer 10

15-40%

Question 11

What is the percentage of monocytes in a WBC differential?

Answer 11

2-8%

Question 12

What does leukocytosis mean?

Answer 12

Increased neutrophils

Question 13

What does the presence of bands indicate?

Answer 13

Increased bone marrow response to infection

Question 14

What are 2 medications what can cause non-infectious causes of leukocytosis?

Answer 14

Lithium and steroids