Principles of Screening (Dr. Hoppe) Flashcards
What is Screening?
Identification of a problem Not a diagnosis Not 100% accurate Should be low cost Should be cost effective Should be quick and easy Not a substitute for regular health care.
True or False: For a screening to be effective, the condition being screened for must be treatable.
True.
There must be a system in place to handle referrals. For what?
To improve quality of life
To improve school performances
To be able to perform job functions
To preserve vision.
True or False: For screening to be effective, you don’t have to identify target population or be familiar with that population’s health risks.
False. You need to know.
Early detection can lead to what?
Early treatment and improve health outcomes.
Which objective is this? Increase the proportion of preschool children aged 5 years and under who receive vision screening from 36% in 2002 to 52% in 2010.
Objective 28-2.
Objective V-1 states to increases the proportion of preschool children aged 5 years and under who receive vision screening to what percentage? What is the baseline? What was the target setting method?
44.1%. 40.1% in 2008. 10% improvement.
In 2007, ___ states did not require children to receive any vision screening or examination before or during school. Only ___ states require a follow-up to the screening.
16; 5.
California Law requires vision be appraised upon (first/second/third) enrollment of a child at a California elementary school, and at least every (first/second/third) year thereafter until the child has completed the (5th/8th/12th) grade. This evaluation shall include tests for visual acuity and color vision; however, color vision shall be appraised of (female/male) pupils once they have reached the (first/second/third) grade. The results of the color vision appraisal shall be entered in the health record of the pupil. Gross external observation of the child’s eyes, visual performance, and perception shall be done by the ________ and the ______________.
First; third; 8th; male; first; school nurse and classroom teacher.
Screenings are an example of what type of prevention?
“Secondary Prevention”.
Preventing or reversing ongoing vision deterioration so that any interference with the patient’s potential would be reversed, and visual performance raised above minimal levels is called what?
Secondary Prevention.
What is the difference between chronic and acute?
Chronic- once your sick it stays
Acute- healthy, sick, healthy, sick.
True of False: We want to screen for acute conditions.
False. Chronic because once you have it, it stays.
Selected screening conditions depend on population characteristics. What are they?
Age Gender Ethnicity Geographic location Health care.
What does prevalence mean?
Common, Frequent.
The portion of persons in a given population that has a particular condition.
What does incidence mean?
Risk of developing.
How do you evaluate a screening?
By using a 2 X 2 table.
What is true positive?
A. Screening says you have it when you actually do have it.
What is true negative?
D. Screening says you don’t have it when you really don’t have it.
