Principles Of Receptor Mediated Cell Signalling Flashcards
[Drug] means what
Concentration of drugs
What are the fundamental properties of drug concentration and response
Concentration of drug at site of action defines biological effect (beneficial action or toxicity).
Effects of drugs determined by drug concentration in the vicinity of action site of drugs (I.e. their receptors).
Give examples of cellular targets of drugs
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What are the cellular targets of drugs
Most drug targets are cellular proteins e.g. insulin which binds to insulin receptor.
Some exceptions e.g. antimicrobial and anti cancer drugs (interact directly with the DNA)
What are cellular proteins
They are receptors which are either cell surface receptors which can be G protein coupled , enzyme coupled , ion channels.
Or they are intracellular which are nuclear receptors.
What is the principle of cell to cell communication
These cells respond to extra cellular signals that govern cellular behaviour and maintain stable intracellular conditions whilst continuously interacting with and adjusting to changes in the extracellular environment (homeostasis).
What do cells in a tissue do
They are in constant communication with their neighbours which determines cell behaviour such as growth , differentiation,death etc)
Why and how do cells communicate
Cell communities send and receive messages (signals) they do this my receiving and recognising the signals then processing the messages and then interpret and use to determine behaviour.
These messages are provided in the form of extracellular signalling molecules.
Signals may act locally or distant locations
What is locally
Communication with immediate neighbours
What is distant locations
Signal generated and transmitted elsewhere
What can extracellular signalling molecules be
They can be amino acids , hormones, fatty acid derivatives, even gases ( nitric oxide) but in most cases these signals are small proteins (ligands)
