Principles of Physiology 8.14

Question 1

Central Nervous System

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 2

Nerves Afferent: TO brain; divided into somatic, visceral, and special Efferent: EXIT brain; divided into somatic and autonomic (further divided into sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric)

Question 3

Somatic NS

Answer 3

Question 4

Autonomic NS

Answer 4

Question 5

Significance of ganglion

Answer 5

Common site of dru action

Question 6

Sympathetic NS

Answer 6

“Excitation”

Question 7

Parasympathetic NS

Answer 7

“Slow”

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

Constancy of the internal environment (“milieu interieur”) — maintained by feedback loops that detect (sensor) and correct (effector) a deviation from the set-point.

Question 9

Negative Feedback

Answer 9

Control systems activated and return a specific parameter toward its original value (set- point)

Question 10

Positive Feedback

Answer 10

Initiating stimulus causes more of the same—Vicious cycle

Question 11

Gain =

Answer 11

Gain=Correction/Remaining Error

Question 12

Types of Mass Balance

Answer 12