Principles of Pharmacology

Question 1

Purposes of Medications

List 3

Answer 1

1. Correct/decrease disease severity
2. Manage life threats
3. Reduce patient discomfort

Question 2

Pharmacology

Definition

Answer 2

the scientific study of how various substances interact with or alter the function of living organisms

Question 3

What is the purpose of the FDA?

Answer 3

Approve new medications and remove unsafe medications from use

Question 4

Schedule I drugs

Answer 4

High potential for abuse with no medical application

heroin, LSD, cannibis

Question 5

Schedule II drugs

Answer 5

High potential for abuse, however serve a medical purpose

Pain medications (morphine, demerol, oxycodone are examples)

Question 6

Schedule III drugs

Answer 6

Less potential for abuse than Schedule II, used for medical purpose

Ketamine, tylenol #3 (with codeine) are examples

Question 7

Schedule IV drugs

Answer 7

Less potential for abuse than Schedule III, low risk of dependence

xanax (alprazolam), ativan (lorazepam) are examples

Question 8

Schedule V drugs

Answer 8

Lower potential for abuse than Schedule IV, may have small amounts of narcotics in them

Robitussin AC (guaifenesin & codeine) lomotil (diphenoxylate & atropine)

Question 9

What are the 3 medication names for every drug?

Answer 9

Chemical
Brand
Generic

Chemical: 4-chloro- N -furfuryl-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid

Generic: furosemide, Brand: Lasix

Question 10

What is the purpose of TALL man lettering?

Answer 10

To differentiate sound-alike/look-alike medications

Improves patient safety

Question 11

Use/indication

Answer 11

The reason a medication is given

Question 12

Category or class of medication

Answer 12

How a medication is grouped

Ex: Analgesics (treat pain), anxiolytics (treat anxiety)

Question 13

Mechanism of action

Answer 13

How a medication creates the desired response

Question 14

Pregnancy risk factor

Answer 14

Categorizes potential risk to a fetus

Question 15

Contraindications

Answer 15

Conditions, diseases or other medication interactions which are likely to cause an undesirable effect

Question 16

Available forms

Answer 16

How the medicine is manufactured or distributed

Packaging, vials, syringes

Question 17

Dosage

Answer 17

Recommended dose or volume to be given to a patient as well as the routes of delivery

Question 18

Administration and monitoring considerations

Answer 18

Specific things a clinician should watch for in response to the medication

Question 19

Potential incompatibilities

Answer 19

Problems which may occur if medications are mixed together

Typically refers to liquid medications in IV or nebulized form

Question 20

Adverse effects

Answer 20

Abnormal or harmful responses to a medication

May be functional or anatomic

Question 21

What does an ACE inhibitor do?

ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme

Answer 21

Inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

decreases blood pressure and afterload

Question 22

What body system do ACE inhibitors work on?

Answer 22

Kidneys

Specifically, the Renin-Angiotensin system

Question 23

What are Calcium Channel Blockers used for?

Answer 23

Hypertension and some dysrhythmias

Question 24

Why do we give low dose Aspirin?

Answer 24

It prevents platelet coagulation