Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Principles of Pharmacology > Flashcards

Principles of Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pharmacy AMAL?

A

634

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Prescription drugs

A

Require a written prescription by an accredited authorized prescriber provider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Non-Prescription drugs

A

OTC drugs can be purchased without the services of a physician or pharmacist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 authorized methods for pharmacy orders

A
  1. Genesis/CHCS
  2. DD 1289
  3. NAVMED 6710/6
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Prescription Form

A

DD 1289

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Poly prescription

A

NAVMED 6710/6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CONTROLLED substances shall be written:

A
  1. only on the DD 1289, never on a poly-prescription.
  2. Prescriptions must be written in ink, indelible pencil or typewritten
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Prescriptions must contain what 7 things?

A
  1. Full name
  2. Date Rx
  3. DOB
  4. Drug’s generic name, form type, dosage strength, quantity dispensed
  5. Directions for the patient
  6. Legible signature of the provider
  7. Refill authorization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IDCs are not required to use what form for prescribing drugs, other than controlled drugs?

UNLESS directed by who?

A

DD1289

the Commanding Officer or higher authority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When Rx non controlled substances where will the IDC document?

Including what 3 things?

A

SOAP note
drug administered, quantity, and directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 General principles of pharmacology are:

A
  1. Factors that affect actions of drugs
  2. Factors that affect drug reactions
  3. Factors influencing drug response interactions
  4. Various types of drug interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pharmacokinetic:

A

What the drug does after it enters the body.

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The transfer of the drug from the body fluids to the tissues

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What metric system is used for Rx drugs?

A

mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of transport is a carrier molecule such as a protein or enzyme that actively moves the drug across the membrane.

A

Active Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of transport diffuses across a membrane from area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

A

Passive absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of transport do cells engulf the drug particle across the cell membrane.

A

Pinocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of absorption is the percentage of the administered drug dose that reaches the systemic circulation?

A

Bioavailability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 6 Factors that alter Bioavailability?

A
  1. Drug from
  2. Route of administration
  3. Liver dysfunction.
  4. GI mucosa and motility
  5. Food and drugs
  6. Solubility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of drugs are absorbed faster fat soluble or water soluble?

A

fat soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the movement of a drug throughout the body typically on
proteins?

A

Distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is drug levels in the blood to produce desired effect?

A

Therapeutic effect

23
Q

What is a chemical reaction by which liver converts drug to inactive compound

A

Metabolism

24
Q

Metabolism occurs where in the body?

A

Liver, kidneys, lungs, plasma, and intestinal mucosa

25
Q

A patient with what disease, may require a lower dose of a
medication that is metabolized by the liver or a different
medication that is not metabolized by the liver?

A

Liver Disease

26
Q

What is elimination of drugs from the body?

A

Excretion

27
Q

The _______ excretes the inactive compounds from the body in the ________

A
  • Kidney
  • Urine
28
Q

What is the time required for the body to eliminate 50% of the drug?

A

Half - Life

29
Q

What can increase the half-life risk of toxicity?

A

Kidney disease

Liver disease

Old age

30
Q

The Primary effect is the ________
The Secondary effects (side effects) ___________

A

desired effect

desired or undesired

31
Q

A compulsive need to use a substance repeatedly to avoid mild to severe withdrawal symptoms.

A

Physical dependence

32
Q

A compulsion to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience.

A

Psychological dependence

33
Q

A genetically determined abnormal response to normal doses of a drug.

A

Pharmacogenetic disorder

34
Q

A specialized macromolecule that binds to the drug
molecule, altering the function of the cell and producing the
therapeutic response.

A

Receptor

35
Q

A drug that alters cellular function can increase or decrease the physiologic functions of the cell.

Ex: Increased heart rate, decrease blood pressure.

A

Alterations in Cellular Environment

36
Q

Alteration of cell to achieve the desired response

A

Therapeutic Response

37
Q

Drug that binds with a receptor to produce the
therapeutic response.

A

Agonist

38
Q

Drug binds to receptor stronger than the agonist thus producing no pharmacologic effect

Ex: Narcan is antagonist to morphine

A

Antagonist

39
Q

Undesirable drug effects is known as

A

Adverse reaction

40
Q

A drug reaction that occurs because the individual’s immune system views the drug as a foreign substance.

A

Allergic reaction

41
Q

Any unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug that a patient can
have, that do not occur in the vast majority of patients taking the same drug.

A

Drug idiosyncrasy

42
Q

A decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in dosage to achieve the desired effect.

A

Drug tolerance

43
Q

A drug effect that occurs when the body has not fully metabolized a dose of a drug before the next dose is given

A

Cumulative drug effect

44
Q

A harmful drug effect if it is delivered in high dose or when blood concentration levels exceed therapeutic level (as seen in patients with Liver or Kidney disease)

A

Toxic

45
Q

Inherited traits that cause abnormal metabolism of the drug.

Ex: G6PD patient taking aspirin or sulfonamides will have hemolysis of their RBCs.

A

Pharmacogenetics Reactions

46
Q

The dissolution of a drug. Usually applying to the breakdown
of tablets.

A

Pharmaceutic phase

47
Q

When one drug interacts with or interferes with the action of another drug.

Ex: Antacid with oral tetracycline decrease effectiveness of tetracycline.

A

Drug Interactions

48
Q

A reaction that occurs when the combined effect of two drugs is equal to the sum of each drug given alone.

A

Additive drug reaction

49
Q

A drug interaction that occurs when drugs produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions.

A

Synergism

50
Q

When one drug interferes with the action of another, causing neutralization or a decrease in the effect of one drug.

Ex: Protamine sulfate completely neutralizes the
effects of heparin.

A

Antagonist Drug Reaction

51
Q

Drug given orally, food may impair or enhance its absorption. Ex: Proton Pump Inhibitor should be taken 1 hour before meals.

A

Drug - Food Interactions

52
Q

What are factors influencing drug response?

A
  1. Age
  2. Weight
  3. Gender
  4. Disease
  5. Route of Administration
  6. Pregnancy
53
Q

What is a Teratogen?

A

substance that may produce physical or functional defects in a
human embryo or fetus

54
Q

What are the 5 FDA Drug ratings in pregnancy?

and what do they mean?

A
  1. A = no risk
  2. B = no evidence of risk
  3. C = risk cannot be ruled out
  4. D = positive evidence of risk
  5. X = contraindicated for pregnancy

Pharmacology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions