Principles of Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

what form is used for DOD prescriptions?

A

DD 1289

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2
Q

what information is included on a DD 1298

A
  • PT full name
  • Date of script
  • Pt age or DOB
  • Full name of drug, dosage, quantity
  • directions for the patient
  • legible signature
  • refill authorization
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3
Q

what form do you write narcotic scripts on?

A

DD 1289

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4
Q

what is the movement of drugs through the body?

A

Pharmacokinetic

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5
Q

what kind of absorption uses energy?

A

Active absorption

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6
Q

what type of absorption diffuses across the cell membrane?

A

Passive absorption

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7
Q

what percent of an oral drug reaches systemic circulation?

A

20-40%

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8
Q

are water-soluble or fat-soluble drugs absorbed faster?

A

Fat-soluble

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9
Q

where does metabolism occur?

A
  • liver
  • kidneys
  • lungs
  • plasma
  • intestinal mucosa
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10
Q

therapeutic Effect:

A

levels of a drug in the body to reach the desired effect

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11
Q

Pharmacodynamics:

A

Drugs actions and effects on the body

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12
Q

Physical dependence:

A

the need for a drug to avoid mild to severe withdrawal symptoms

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13
Q

Psychological dependence:

A

compulsion to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience

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14
Q

what is a receptor?

A

specialized macromolecule that binds to the drug molecule, altering the function of the cell and producing the therapeutic response.

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15
Q

Agonist:

A

drug that binds with a receptor to produce the therapeutic response

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16
Q

Antagonist:

A

drug that binds to receptor stronger than the agonist thus producing no pharmacologic effect

17
Q

Drug Idiosyncrasy:

A

unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug

18
Q

cumulative drug effect:

A

a drug affect that happens when the body hasn’t fully metabolized a dose before taking another dose

19
Q

Pharmacogenetics Reactions:

A

inherited traits that cause abnormal metabolism of the drug

20
Q

Additive drug reaction:

A

(2+2=4)

reaction occurs when the combined effect of two drugs is equal to them acting separately.

21
Q

Synergism:

A

(3x3+9)

drug interaction when the combined effect of two drugs is more than the sum of those effects acting separately

22
Q

Antagonist drug reaction:

A

when one drug interferes with the effectiveness of the other

23
Q

what is the average weight of an adult when calculating medication dosage

A

150 lbs

24
Q

why do women tend to require smaller doses of medications?

A

differences in fat-water ratios

25
Q

whats a common reason that the body can not metabolize or detoxify a drug?

A

Liver disease

26
Q

Teratogen:

A

a substance that may produce physical or functional defects in a human embryo or fetus

27
Q

what are the pregnancy drug classifications?

A
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • X
28
Q

Drug pregnancy class A:

A

controlled human studies show no risk

29
Q

Drug pregnancy class B:

A

No evidence of risk in studies (Animal)

30
Q

Drug pregnancy class C:

A

Risk cannot be ruled out

31
Q

Drug pregnancy class D:

A

Positive evidence of risk

32
Q

Drug pregnancy class X:

A

Contraindicated in pregnancy

33
Q

what are the 6 rights for medication administration?

A
  • patient
  • route
  • dose
  • time
  • drug
  • admin