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BFOM Exam 3 > Principles of Pharmacokintetics > Flashcards

Principles of Pharmacokintetics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four cornerstones of pharmacokinetics?

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

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2
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

Determines drug concentration at receptor site

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3
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A

Determines action of drug after delivery to receptor site

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4
Q

What happens to lipophilic drugs?

A

They up taken by tissues for storage such as adipose

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5
Q

What is so good about taking drugs sublingually?

A

They bypass the liver

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6
Q

What solution has rapid absorption?

A

Aqueous solutions

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7
Q

What solution has a slow absorption?

A

Procaine solutions

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8
Q

What solution has very slow absorption?

A

Benzathine complex

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9
Q

How can cancer cells avoid drugs?

A

They have efflux systems that can pump drugs out faster than they can accumulate to have an effect

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10
Q

What how do P-glycoproteins work?

A

Work as efflux system

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11
Q

What is ion trapping?

A

pH dependent trapping of basic drugs in the stomach

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12
Q

Do charged or uncharged drugs absorb best in the small intestine?

A

Uncharged

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13
Q

What is one area of the brain that isn’t protected by the BBB?

A

Postrema

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14
Q

What is the postrema?

A

Emetic center of the brain

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15
Q

What areas of the skin absorb drugs the best?

A

Forehead, thorax/abdomen, scrotum

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16
Q

What are three important blood binding proteins for drugs?

A

Albumin
Alpha1-glycoprotein
Lipoproteins

17
Q

What is the formula for volume of distribution?

A

Absorbed dose (mg)/concentration at time 0 (mg/L)

18
Q

How is a drug converted into an inactive form?

A

It is made water soluble

19
Q

What is bioavailability?

A

Oral absorption - 1st pass through the liver

20
Q

What is oral absorption?

A

How much is absorbed through the GI tract

21
Q

What is the formula for hepatic clearance?

A

Liver blood flow x Extraction Ratio

22
Q

What is Phase I metabolism in the liver?

A

Mixed function oxidases

23
Q

Where does Phase I take place?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

24
Q

What are the two parts of Phase I?

A

P450 reductase and CYP 450

25
Q

What does Phase I do?

A

Makes drugs more polar and water soluble

26
Q

What is Phase II metabolism?

A

Conjugation with Drug or Metabolite

27
Q

What does Phase II metabolism do?

A

Conjugates a drug with a larger metabolite to make more soluble and increase renal clearance

28
Q

What is the formula for renal clearance?

A

(Urine concentration x urine volume)/ Plasma concentration

amount in urine)/(amount in blood

BFOM Exam 3 (17 decks)

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