Principles of operative surgery Flashcards
otomy?
cutting open
pexy?
relocation?
oscopy?
examination of a hollow viscus
orraphy?
repair of tissues
ostomy?
communication between artificial hollow viscus and the skin
types of anaesthesia?
Local anaesthesia • Regional anaesthesia • Epidural and spinal anaesthesia • Intravenous sedation • General anaethesia
why is the safety checklist important
before anaesthesia
before skin excision
before patient leaves operating room
what are the multimodal steps in ERAS protocol:
pre-operative: optimised nutrition and hydration
reduced starvation
surgical access: measures to be aware of ?
only shave if necessary makes infection more prone
use aqueous solutions for antibacterial action- Skin prep 0.5% chlorhexidine, or 10%
povidone iodine in 70% alcohol or sterile
water
– Disposable fabrics allow less penetration
name two types of incision?
sharp and blunt incision
principles of haemastasis (stopping blood flow)
clipping, ligation, under running • diathermy • tourniquet (cuff to stop blood flow) and exangination • pressure • hypotensive anaesthesia
define and explain diathermy?
producing heat in body from external source- electricity
so that circulation, unhealthy tissue or bleeding vessels can clot
monopolar: current passed from one end to the other/ large area of skin/charge flows through body
bipolar
types of suture?
absorbable vs non absorbable
braided vs non braided
types of absorbable suture?
Absorbable Dexon - polygycolic acid Vicryl - polyglactin slowly absorbed PDS - Polydioxanone
Vicryl Rapide – 2 weeks Undyed Monocryl – 3 weeks Dyed Monocryl – 4 weeks Coated Vicryl – 4 ½ weeks PDS – 9 week
non braided sutures?
less reactivity in the body- lack grooves and rough surfaces for things to adhere
higher tendency to loosen due to lack of grip
what is an example of braided absorbable suture?
vicryl suture
types of suture techniques?
mattress
inverted
risk of bad suturing?
could rupture
post op wound management
To maintain the wound in a warm moist state • To absorb or contain any superficial bleeding or inflamatory exudate • To protect delicate healing tissue • To apply pressure to prevent haematoma • To conceal wounds from view
what type of flap is important in dentistry?
random pattern flap:
make sure base is wide enough to allow adequate clean closure.
