Principles of MSK

Question 1

what tissue could be injured if pt reports paresthesias

Answer 1

spinal nerve

Question 2

what tissue could be injured if pt reports numbness

Answer 2

peripheral nerve

Question 3

what tissue could be injured if pt reports deep ache

Answer 3

joint

Question 4

what tissue could be injured if pt reports sharp pain

Answer 4

inflammation

Question 5

t/f
high sensitivity dx are better at ruling conditions in

Answer 5

false
high sensitivity dx are better at ruling conditions out (SNOUT)

Question 6

t/f
low specificity dx are better at ruling conditions in

Answer 6

true
high sensitivity dx are better at ruling conditions in (SPIN)

Question 7

what population commonly has a rigid body type? meaning, flatter spine, tighter hips, and genu/calcaneal varus

Answer 7

runners or propulsive athletes

Question 8

what population commonly has a flexible body shape? meaning, excessive spinal curves with hypermobile hips, genu/calcaneal valgus

Answer 8

gymnasts with more absorbing body shapes

Question 9

if pt reports that symptoms increase with exertion, what systems are indicated

Answer 9

cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms

Question 10

improved pain/function with AROM can indicate what tissue injury/inhibition

Answer 10

inhibited muscle
regional interdependence
disc injury

Question 11

worse pain/function with AROM can indicate what tissue injury

Answer 11

acute injury/irritation

Question 12

what tissue is indicated if pain occurs in AROM and PROM

Answer 12

noncontractile tissue

Question 13

PROM similarly restricted as AROM in the same direction indicates what tissues

Answer 13

joint hypomobility/protective guarding

Question 14

PROM significantly greater than AROM in the same direction indicates what tissue injury

Answer 14

joint hypermobility/instability

Question 15

WB: limited
NWB: limited
likely cause/general Rx?

Answer 15

fused, fixated, hypomobile joint
improve joint mobility

Question 16

WB motion: limited
NWB motion: WNL
likely cause/general Rx?

Answer 16

joint hypermobility with impaired neuromuscular control
improve neuromuscular control

Question 17

RST
strong and painful indicates

Answer 17

less severe injury
grade 1 strain
typically only painful in lengthened position

Question 18

RST
weak and painful indicates

Answer 18

acute
moderate-severe injury
grade 2-3 strain/fx

Question 19

RST
weak and painless indicates

Answer 19

neuro damage
chronic contractile rupture

Question 20

RST
pain upon release indicates what tissue

Answer 20

non contractile tissue
glide is released when muscle relaxes

Question 21

RST
multiple joints of weakness indicates what tissues

Answer 21

CNS/UMN innjury
entire UE

Question 22

RST
multiple planes of weakness indicates

Answer 22

acute/severe injury
fracture

Question 23

RST
weakness throughout a range and not just mid range indicates what kind of injury

Answer 23

possible pathology

Question 24

RST
improved pain and/or function indicates

Answer 24

inhibited muscle
regional interdependence
disc injuries

Question 25

RST decreased force indicates

Answer 25

nerve palsy

Question 26

RST consistent weak force indicates

Answer 26

deconditioned/torn muscle

Question 27

RST worse pain/function indicates

Answer 27

acute condition

Question 28

ST pain increases with distx indicates

Answer 28

capsule, ligament, annulus

Question 29

ST pain decreases with distx indicates

Answer 29

bone, cartilage, nucleus pulposus

Question 30

ST pain increases with compression indicates

Answer 30

bone, cartilage, nucleus pulposus, spinal nerve

Question 31

describe LMN common findings

Answer 31

muscle tone: decreased/flaccid bowel/bladder: incontinence/leakage dermatomes/paresthesias: single segment diminished DTRs: hypoactive myotomes with potential sexual dysfunction: single segment of fatiguing weakness

Question 32

describe UMN common findings

Answer 32

muscle tone: increased/spastic, UE flx causes LE flx, co-contractions bowel and bladder: spastic/retentive dermatomes/paresthesias: multi-segments diminished DTR: hyperactive myotomes with potential sexual dysfunction: multi-segment weakness, incoordination, paralysis

Question 33

why would you perform accessory motion testing

Answer 33

if limited ROM and/or consistent block during combined motions

Question 34

if accessory motion is limited and ROM is limited, where is the restriction most commonly located

Answer 34

articular related to joint restriction ex) capsular shortening or cartilage restriction

Question 35

if accessory motion is WNL and ROM is limited, where is the restriction most commonly located

Answer 35

extraarticular ex) muscular shortening, guarding, joint hypermobility

Question 36

what is the purpose of a special test

Answer 36

identify tissues by the reproduction of symptoms during test

Question 37

what is the purpose of stability tests when do you perform stability tests

Answer 37

assess integrity of non-contractile tissues perform if excessive ROM and/or consistent block noted with combined motions