Principles of Management

Question 1

Designed to assess and treat life-threatening injuries rapidly

Answer 1

PRIMARY SURVEY

Question 2

PRIMARY SURVEY: ABCDE

Answer 2

A - Airway
B - Breathing
C - Circulation
D - Disability
E - Exposure

Question 3

Which of the ff. is/are the causes of altered mental status?

I. Head trauma
II. Hypoglycemia
III. Hypoxia
IV. Hypothyroidism

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

After ensuring that the patient is stable, conduct SAMPLE:

Answer 4

S Signs and symptoms
A Allergies
M Medications
P Past medical history
L Last oral intake
E Events surrounding the exposure

Question 5

C/I: unconscious patient, ingestion of corrosives and aliphatic HC, patient ages below 6 months

Answer 5

EMESIS USING IPECAC SYRUP

Question 6

Used as last resort

Answer 6

EMESIS USING IPECAC SYRUP

Question 7

Adr of emesis using Ipecac syrup

Answer 7

Mallory-Weiss tear, heart problems

Question 8

How many milliliters of Ipecac syrup must be given to induce emesis in a 7year-old patient?

Answer 8

15ml

Question 9

5ml syrup of ipecac

Answer 9

6-9 months

Question 10

10ml syrup of ipecac

Answer 10

9-12 months

Question 11

15ml syrup of ipecac

Answer 11

1-12 yrs old

Question 12

30ml syrup of ipecac

Answer 12

Beyond 12 yrs old

Question 13

For massive ingestion

Answer 13

GASTRIC LAVAGE

Question 14

Cleaning out gastric contents using a tube

Answer 14

GASTRIC LAVAGE

Question 15

GASTRIC LAVAGE synonyms

Answer 15

Gastric irrigation, Stomach pumping

Question 16

During gastric lavage, watch out for:

Answer 16

Pneumomediastinum

Question 17

Highly adsorbent powder materials due to porosity

Answer 17

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL

Question 18

C/I: unconscious patients, poorly adsorbed substances

Answer 18

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL

Question 19

Dose of Activated charcoal

Answer 19

10:1

Question 20

Which of the ff. is/are adsorbed by the activated charcoal?

I. Strong alkali
II. Strong acid
III. Fluoride
IV. Ethylene glycol

Answer 20

NONE OF THE ABOVE

Question 21

Poorly adsorbed substances

Answer 21

CELIPI

• Cyanide
• Ethanol
• Lithium
• Iron
• Potassium
• Inorganic salts

Question 22

• Speed-up peristalsis
• C/I: ileus, intestinal obstruction

Answer 22

CATHARTICS

Question 23

WHOLE BOWEL IRRIGATION -> Irrigating the entire GIT using

Answer 23

PEG

Question 24

Generally used for poorly adsorbed substances

Answer 24

WHOLE BOWEL IRRIGATION

Question 25

Also indicated for iron, lithium, tablets (SR and EC), foreign bodies

Answer 25

WHOLE BOWEL IRRIGATION

Question 26

Binds to the SAME site as the poison

Answer 26

RECEPTOR/ PHARMACOLOGIC

Question 27

Binds to DIFFERENT site from the poison

Answer 27

FUNCTIONAL/ PHYSIOLOGIC

Question 28

Components of Universal antidote

Answer 28

ATM (211) Activated charcoal Tannic acid Magnesium oxide

Question 29

Urine alkalinization:

Answer 29

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 30

Urine acidification:

Answer 30

Ammonium chloride

Question 31

Extracorporeal removal of waste products and free water from the blood

Answer 31

HEMODIALYSIS

Question 32

Blood is removed from the body and filtered through an artificial membrane (dialyzer)

Answer 32

HEMODIALYSIS

Question 33

Hemodialysis is indicated in the ff. conditions A. High serum creatinine B. Intoxication C. Low physiologic pH D. AOTA E. NOTA

Answer 33

D. AOTA

Question 34

INDICATIONS OF HEMODIALYSIS (A-E-I-O-U):

Answer 34

• ACIDOSIS • ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE • INTOXICATION (salicylates, lithium, methanol) • OVERLOAD (volume) • UREMIA (high BUN, SCr, waste products)

Question 35

For lipid-soluble and highly protein-bound drugs

Answer 35

HEMOPERFUSION

Question 36

For short-acting barbiturates, sedative-hypnotics

Answer 36

HEMOPERFUSION

Question 37

Uses the peritoneum as dialyzer membrane

Answer 37

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

Question 38

____ % as effective as hemodialysis

Answer 38

10-15%

Question 39

Coats the mucosa, for corrosive and irritant poisoning

Answer 39

DEMULCENT

Question 40

Binding agent for calcium

Answer 40

Cellulose sodium phosphate

Question 41

Binding agent for chlorinated HC and digoxin

Answer 41

Cholestyramine

Question 42

Binding agent for As & Hg

Answer 42

Demulcents

Question 43

Examples of demulcents

Answer 43

Milk (casein) & egg albumin

Question 44

Binding agent for Fe

Answer 44

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 45

Binding agent for Li & K

Answer 45

Kayexalate

Question 46

Binding agent for Paraquat

Answer 46

Fuller's earth, Bentonite

Question 47

Binding agent for Tl & Cs

Answer 47

Prussian blue