Principles of Management

Question 1

Principles(Meaning)

Answer 1

While achieving the goals of an individual or organisation,it is important to use different systems and techniques.Some of these techniques are universally accepted and hence are known as “Principles”

Question 2

Principles(functions)

Answer 2

Principles provides the guidelines to the manager conduct organisational activities on a specific bases,It helps the manager to take effective decisions and to achieve the goals of the organisation.

Question 3

Definition of Principles

Answer 3

Principles is defined as the fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of beliefs or behaviour or the chain of reasoning.

Question 4

The nature of management principles

Universal application

Answer 4

The principles of management are universal in nature .That is it can be used in all the types of organisation irrespective of their sizes and nature.Their results may vary and their application may be modified but these are suitable for all the types of organisation.These are applicable to all the levels of management

Question 5

The nature of management principles

Behavioral in nature

Answer 5

Management is a group activity.It’s main aim is to achieve the goals of the organisation through a group of people.It is designed to influence a group of human beings.It controls a group of people and direct them to achieve their goals.

Question 6

The nature of Principles of Management

Cause and effect relationship

Answer 6

The principles of management are the base of taking decisions.It determines the cause and reasons for a particular effects.For example:Paying a good wages or incentives will increase the output of the workers and a good advertisements will increase the sales of the goods.

Question 7

The nature of Principles of Managements

Principles are formed by practice and experiments

Answer 7

All the Principles are formed gradually by thorough research work.Systematic research and experiments are conducted before developing them.The results of these research are developed as the principles of management

Question 8

Nature of Management Principles

All the principles are of equal importance

Answer 8

All the Principles are of equal importance.They are to be practiced simultaneously for achieving best results in the form of achievement.If any one of the principle is followed with more focus and other principles are not followed by same focus,then it will affect the working of the organisation.The management principles are the principles of the social science.They are not absolute like pure sciences i.e.Physics,Mathematics,Chemistry.

Question 9

Nature of Management Principles

General Guidelines

Answer 9

Management Principles provides general guidelines in tackling the organisational situations and solving the problems wisely .They are not rigid.Which management principles is to be applied depends upon the size,situation and the nature of the organisation.

Question 10

Nature of Management Principles

Flexibility

Answer 10

Management Principles are flexible in nature.It means they can be changed or modified as per their needs.Managers should be flexible while implementing to suit the requirements.The business situations keeps on changing.Management principles should be adjusted or modified and they can be used in the organisation according to their needs.

Question 11

Management thinkers

Answer 11

Henri Fayol,Fredrick Winston Taylor and Elton Mayo

Question 12

Henry Fayol

Answer 12

Henry Fayol was a French mining Engineer who turned into a leading industrialist and Successful manager.

He proposed 14 principles of Management which are mentioned in his book”General and Industrial Administrator”.

He is also known as Father of Modern Management.

Question 13

Principles of Management

Principle of Division Of Work

Answer 13

According to this Principle,The work is divided into different parts like, financial,managerial,security operations,banking,accounting,technical etc.These works are alloted to the employees as per their qualities and capabilities.It helps to improve efficiency and expertise of the employee resulting to the expected productivity level.

Question 14

Principles of management

Principle of Authority and Resposibility

Answer 14

Authority is the right to take decisions.It is necessary to get the things from the subordinates.Authority always comes with responsibility.If a manager is given a work to do for a given time,then he is responsible if he fails to do that work.Manager should take proper managerial decisions on his own with respect to the goals

Question 15

Principles of management

Principle of Discipline

Answer 15

Discipline is the most essential thing of the organisation.Employees must obey and respect the rules that govern the organisation.Good discipline is the result of effective leadership.There must be mutual understanding between the management and the employees regarding the organisation rules..

Question 16

Principles of Management

Principle of Unity of Command

Answer 16

Each employee should receive orders from one superior only.This principle helps to prevent the conflicts and disputes among the people in the organisation.If an employee receives orders from more than one person then he will get confused and will not be able to follow the order.All the employees should have one superior only.

Question 17

Principles of Management

Principle of Unity of Demand

Answer 17

This principles states that “There should be one head and one plan.”Each group of the organisation should have one objective and there should be one manager to direct using a single plan.

Question 18

Principle of management

Principle of Subordination of Individual Interest to Organisation Interest:

Answer 18

According to this principle,the interest of the individual should be subordinated to the organisational interest.The manager should consider the interest of the whole organisation rather than focusing on the interest of one employee.Similarly the employees should protect the interest of the organisation and personal interest should be subordinated.

Question 19

Principle of Management

Principle of centralization

Answer 19

Centralization refers to the concentration of power and authority. In a small organization, this power is vested in one hand or a few. This usually occurs in a small organizations.If the size of the organization is huge then there is decentralization. This principle states that there should be a proper balance between centralization and decentralization

Question 20

Principle of Management

Principle of Remuneration

Answer 20

Appropriate remuneration paid to the workers and employees is the principle to keep them satisfied financially and to retain them for the longer span of time in the organisation.Increase in wages will increase the productivity and efficiency of the employees.Wages should be fixed by taking into consideration skills,abilities,knowledge,tenure,cost of living,market trends etc.

Question 21

Principles of Management

Principle of Scalar Chain

Answer 21

Scalar Chains refers to hierarchy of the authority from top level to bottom level for the purpose of communication.This ensures orderly flow of information and communication.Traditionally,organisations used to frame long chains which are time consuming.For avoiding longer chains and to take speedy decisions,cross communication or direct communications are prefered.For Direct communications,proper permission is required from the authority.