Principles Of Inheritance Flashcards
Which Austrian monk carried out experiments using peas?
Gregor Mendel.
Define character.
Heritable feature.
Define trait.
Variant for a character.
Define phenotype.
Organisms traits.
Define genotype.
Genetic makeup.
Define F1.
First set of offspring.
Define F2.
Second set of offspring.
What is Mendel’s first law?
The two members of a gene pair segregate from each other in meiosis; each gamete has an equal probability of obtaining either member of the gene pair.
What is Mendel’s second law?
The law of independent assortment; unlinked or distantly linked segregating gene pairs assort independently at meiosis.
Who recognised that Mendel’s experiment reflects the behaviour of chromosomes during meiosis?
Sutton and Boveri.
The existence of genes can be inferred by observing what?
Standard progeny ratios in the descendants of matings between different phenotypes.
Discrete phenotypic difference in a character is often determined by what?
A difference in a single gene.
Define autosome.
A chromosome that is not an sex chromosome.
Define lethal allele (homozygous lethals).
Alleles that cause an organism to die only when present in homozygous condition.
Define penetrance.
The percentage of individuals with a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype.
