Principles of conservatism Flashcards
What is the principle of ‘Change to conserve’ in conservatism?
Reforming in order to maintain and adapt tradition
What does ‘Human Imperfection’ signify in conservative thought?
Timeless flaws of humanity, often linked to religious reasons and original sin
Define ‘Empiricism’ in the context of conservatism.
Preference for evidence over theory and a focus on what it is, not what should be
What does the term ‘Normative’ refer to in conservative ideology?
Sticking to the normal and what works
True or False: Conservatives believe the future will always be better than the present.
False
What is the conservative view on ‘Hierarchy’?
Leadership should be in the hands of a small number of elites with natural skills
Explain ‘Paternalism’ in conservative philosophy.
The elites decide what is in the best interests of the rest of the country
What does ‘Noblesse Oblige’ mean?
Ruling class has an obligation to rule in the interests of the entire nation
What is the role of ‘Authority’ in conservatism?
A recognised right for those in power to make decisions
Define ‘Laissez-Faire’ in economic terms.
Allows the free market to operate freely without state interference
What is ‘Thatcherism’?
New right conservatism from 1979-1990, combining neo-liberal economics and neo-conservative social policy
What does ‘One-Nation Conservatism’ advocate for?
The unity of all classes, associated with Benjamin Disraeli
True or False: Fascism emerged as a form of ultra conservatism in the 1920s and 1930s.
True
What is ‘Super nationalism’?
A state whose authority cuts across national borders
Define ‘Anti-permissive’ in relation to conservatism.
Links to Thatcherism and goes against identity liberalisation
Fill in the blank: Human nature, for conservatives, centres around _______.
Human imperfection
What does Hobbes argue about human nature?
Humans are naturally selfish and a strong state is needed to control this
What are the four main ideas of a Conservative State?
- The Nation State
- Ruling Class
- Order and Authority
- Organic origins
In conservative thought, what is the significance of the ‘Nation State’?
A nation is one mega community, leading to strong nationalism
What does a ‘Ruling Class’ represent in conservative ideology?
A hierarchical and elitist society with inherent inequality
What is the conservative view on ‘Order and Authority’?
Without order, there is no freedom; a firm authority is needed
What are ‘Organic origins’ in the context of a conservative state?
States arise naturally without too much discussion or disruption
What is the focus of a Conservative Society?
- Hierarchy and inequality
- Paternalism
- Localism
- Empiricism
- Property
- Judeao-Christian Morality
How do conservatives view ‘Property’?
Property should be inherited from one generation to another, providing stability
What does a Conservative economy prioritize?
Laissez-Faire capitalism
How do traditional conservatives view free market capitalism?
They are sceptical of it, believing it goes against the need for an optimistic view of market forces
What is the conservative belief regarding state protection of the free market?
They believe in state protection through tariffs and dues without involving themselves in its actual functions
