Origins and History Flashcards
What are the roots of conservative theory?
The French Revolution and the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a progressive movement focused on utopian ideals, tolerance, and equality.
The negative effects it had in France led to the dominance of a more stagnant, conservative ideology
What was the impact of the Reign of Terror on conservative ideology?
It led to enlightenment views being pushed aside and the creation of a stagnant ideology that operated change while keeping important principles in mind.
Approximately 10,000 people were executed during the Reign of Terror by 1794.
What historical event in Britain contributed to the emergence of conservatism?
The English Civil War
Conservatives emerged as opposition to the reformers during this period.
Who were key thinkers supporting the conservative ideology in Britain during the Civil War?
Royalists who defended ancient institutions like the Anglican church and the monarchy.
Which political party popularized conservative ideology in Britain?
The Tory Party
They emerged as defenders of royal authority and the Anglican church.
What did Benjamin Disraeli’s ‘One Nation Conservatism’ emphasize?
Bridging the divide between rich and poor, social reform, and national unity
This originated during the Victorian 18th Century.
What key concepts did the conservative ideology champion at its origins?
Imperialism, national pride, and preservation of empire
These were significant themes in conservative thought.
What was the significance of the Reform Act of 1867 in conservative ideology?
It increased the franchise and led to social legislation improving housing and labor conditions
This was part of the One Nation agenda.
What characterized the conservative ideology during the inter-war years?
The post-war consensus
Leaders like Stanley Baldwin presented a more moderate ideology focused on embracing suffrage.
What were the primary goals of conservative policies during the post-war period?
Economic growth, full employment, and social stability
These policies aimed to prioritize national interest.
What is ‘Thatcherism’ associated with?
New Right conservatism focused on individualism, self-reliance, and a minimal state
It sought to restore order and shared moral values.
What was David Cameron’s ‘Big Society’ agenda?
Combining traditional conservative values with modern priorities
This reflected a shift in conservative ideology.
What core principles have become central to conservatism with Brexit policies?
Nationalism, populism, and sovereignty
These principles emphasize a pragmatic approach.
Fill in the blank: Modern conservatism seeks to balance tradition and _______.
[inclusivity]
This reflects a shift in social policy towards paternalism.
True or False: The conservative ideology has remained static over time.
False
Key changes have included shifts in economic policy to respond to crises.
