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BDS3 Prosthodontics - Complete dentures > Principles of Complete Denture > Flashcards

Principles of Complete Denture Flashcards

1
Q

Where do complete denture lie within|?

A

active muscles

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2
Q

At rest what should a complete denture be?

A

stable and in function

retentive forces > displacing forces + adequate support = stability

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3
Q

When is the denture stable at rest?

A

if the retentive forces acting on the denture exceed the displacing forces

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4
Q

What does a stable denture move little in comparison to?

A

supporting tissues whilst in function

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5
Q

What determines the support for complete dentures?

A

form and consistency of the denture baring tissues and the accuracy and fit of the denture

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6
Q

retention?

A

resistance to vertical displacement of the denture away form the mucosa

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7
Q

3 surfaces of a denture proving retention?

A

occlusal surfaces

polished surfaces

impression surfaces

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8
Q

occlusal surfaces for retention?

A

makes contact with the opposing denture

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9
Q

polished surfaces for retention?

A

area that extends from the occlusal surface to the border of the denture

including palate

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10
Q

impression surface for retention

A

portion of the surface of the denture which is shaped by the impression

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11
Q

describe each colour:

pink
green
red
blue

A

blue: saliva which will surround the denture

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12
Q

Can the setting of the teeth in complete denture have an effect stability?

A

yes, need good design

could interfere

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13
Q

2 main forces for retention?

A

muscular

physical

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14
Q

what exerts muscular forces on denture? - retention

A

lips, cheek, tongue

on the polished surfaces of the denture

an muscles of mastication indirectly through occlusal surfaces

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15
Q

muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles

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16
Q

What does successful muscular control of the denture depend upon?

A

ability of pt to acquire necessary skills

denture design

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17
Q

what usually resists the breaking of the posterior seal?

A

dorsum of tongue against denture

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18
Q

What do physical forces rely on? - retention

A

intact film of saliva between saliva and mucosa

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19
Q

Where are physical forces usually/

A

on the polished surface of the denture and underlying mucosa

retention is dependent upon this seal and the border region of the denture

20
Q

What happens if the physical forces for retention are poor?

A

resulting looseness of the denture may lead to rejection by the pt

21
Q

The types of physical forces?

A

adhesion

cohesion

surface tension

capillary action

atmospheric pressure and peripheral seal

22
Q

physical forces: adhesion?

A

force of attraction between dissimilar molecules

e.g. saliva/acrylic/mucosa

23
Q

What is retention from adhesion directly proportional to?

A

surface area of denture base

24
Q

physical forces: cohesion?

A

force of attraction between like molecules

maintains the integrity of the film of saliva

25
Q

physical forces: surface tension?

A

it is the result of the cohesive forces acting on the surface fluid

resistance of separation of 2 parallel surface with a fluid medium in between

enhance further the retentive forces

closer the fit of the denture is to the tissue, the stronger the retentive forces are attributed to surface tension

26
Q

What is retention by surface tension dependent upon?

A

ability of the fluid to wet the rigid surrounding materials

by promoting both contact of saliva and mucosa to the denture base

27
Q

interfacial surface tensions more apparent in the maxillary or mandibular denture area?

A

maxillary

mandibular has sufficient saliva - keep external borders of the mandibular denture a wash in saliva

therefore eliminating the effects of interfacial surface tension

28
Q

With regards to saliva what does cohesive forces form? - surface tension

A

concave meniscus at the surface of saliva and border region of denture

29
Q

What happens when a fluid film is bounded by a concave meniscus?

A

pressure in fluid is less than that of the surrounding medium

  • pressure differential will occur between saliva and surrounding air
30
Q

Why does surface tension occur, the closer the fit of the denture is to the tissue?

A

As the denture is pulled away from the tissues

saliva is thrown in to the space being created beneath the denture

retentive force is being generated by a resistance to the flow in saliva - resulting form viscous properties of the saliva and the dimensions of the channel which it flows

31
Q

narrower channel and greater the viscosity of saliva does what with regards to surface tension?

A

increase

B = proper thickness of denture - narrow flanges

32
Q

Capillary action? - retention

A

the quality or state because of surface tension cause elevation or depression of the surface of a liquid that is in contact with a solid

close adaptation of the denture base to the mucosa cause the saliva in between to improve the contact between them

33
Q

retentive mechanisms an viscosity of saliva?

A

increased viscosity of the saliva is associated with decreased retention because the excessive viscosity results in a thick and discontinuous film between the denture and mucosa

34
Q

effect of capillary action on maxillary vs mandibular denture?

A

mandibular less effect
- saliva accumulates along the periphery and reduces capillary effect

maxillary more effect
- capillary tube not fully submerged in saliva

35
Q

Are muscular forces important in mandibular denture?

A

yes, due to reduced denture bearing area

difficulty in maintain a border seal will reduce influence of physical forces

36
Q

How to maintain good retention?

A

good border seal

areas of impression surface

accuracy fit

bony undercuts, or any retention aids to offer pt e.g. implants or fixatives?

37
Q

How to achieve good border seal?

A

denture border should be shaped so that the channel between the denture and the sulcus tissues is as small as possible

38
Q

How to overcome the problems of achieving a constant border seal? maxillary

A

extending flanges of denture laterally so that they contact

slightly displace the buccal and labial mucosa to achieve facio-facial seal

39
Q

How to overcome the problems of achieving a constant border seal? mandibular

A

posterior lingual flange extended further than the anterior flange

40
Q

mylohyoid ridge and mandibular denture design?

A

adapt lingual flange to accommodate muscle movements

41
Q

physical retention proportionate to what?

A

area of impression surface

42
Q

How to obtain maximum physical retention?

A

maximum extensions of denture

so that optimum retention for a particular pt is obtained

border moulder required

43
Q

what areas n the mandibular denture should be captured in the impression to achieve good retention?

A

pear-shaped pads
- keratinised scar tissue form last standing molar

and part of the retromolar pad

= utilised to combat the action of the mentalis muscle pushing te denture posteriorly

= denture extended in to the retro-mylohyoid area prevent lateral movement

44
Q

How could you overcome displacement due to bone resorption?

A

muscular control

45
Q

physical limitations of F/F?

A

Displacement forces acting through occlusal surface

  1. occlusal imbalance
  2. forces of mastication
  3. displacement of teeth in relation to adjacent oral structures
  4. gravity
  5. reduction in support promotes instability
    - alveolar bone resorption
  6. flabby ridges also contribute to displacement - special imps needed
46
Q

what movement can bone resorption cause?

A

tipping of denture during mastication
- denture pivoting about midline of palate

resistance to lateral displacement forces will be very poor

flabby ridges also contribute to displacement

BDS3 Prosthodontics - Complete dentures (12 decks)

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