Principles of Clearing and Margin Flashcards
In relation to the order process, which is the correct order?
Trade verification, settlement and reconciliation
Which of the following best describes variation margin?
It is a cash deposit with a clearing house to cover adverse daily movements in futures positions beyond the previous day’s closing price
Novation moves which of the following risks?
Counterparty risk
Once a trade has been allocated or given up to the global clearer, which of the following occurs?
Executing broker’s exposure to counterparty risk ceases
Which type of margin is used by an exchange when there are sudden changes in market volatility?
Intra-day
Which of the following best describes the main role of TIMs?
Calculating option portfolio margins
When the Delta of an option increases, which of the following is most likely?
Variation margin paid by the short will increase
Collateral for initial margin payments deposited with a UK clearing house cannot be in which of the following forms?
Corporate bonds
A bank requests a ‘haircut’ on a deal. What are they requesting?
Higher collateral
Which of the following acts as central counterparty during novation?
A clearing house
What is the difference between the margin called by the clearing house and the margin arrangements between a private customer and their broker?
The clearing house only uses a single system for payments and margin
In SPAN, which of the following option positions can require variation margin payments?
Both option buyers and sellers
The role of counterparty to the buyer of an exchange-traded futures contract is taken over from the seller by:
A clearing house
A clearing house guarantees the trades of:
All clearing members
What is the purpose of price limits on derivatives exchanges?
To limit volatility
Which of the following risks does novation remove entirely?
Member counterparty risk
A mutual offset system allows an investor to open and close out positions in the same contract on different exchanges. Which exchanges offer a mutual offset for their Japanese Government Bond (JGB) products?
SGX and CME Group
Which of the following is NOT true of initial margin?
It is payable on short-futures positions only
When a exchange member passes a trade to another member this is called:
A give-up
The process of substituting a new contract for an old contract, or a new counterparty for the original counterparty, is known as:
Novation
Which of the following best describes the purpose of price limits?
Prevent the market moving too far too fast during a trading session
Which of the following is the best description of the principal-to-principal guarantee structure?
The guarantee operates between the clearing member and the clearing house
The maximum movement in price during the trading day would be known as
The intra-day range
Which of the following is an unacceptable form of collateral for initial margin of a FTSE 100 contract for differences?
FTSE 100 equities
Client A buys a future through Broker A. Client B sells the future through Broker B. Which of the following best describes the flow of variation margin?
Client A - broker A - broker B - client B
Which statement best describes SPAN margin?
Maximum close-out cost of a defaulting member’s positions
When a bank maintains a slightly higher level of collateral at all times than the risk as currently measured, this is due to:
A haircut
A haircut
is where assets are valued for collateral purposes at less than their current market value.
Why is it important to capture a trade as soon as it has been struck?
Risk management purposes
Which of the following is a reason for position limits?
Limit exposure