principles of cancer treatment Flashcards
1
Q
which cells are most at risk of the toxic effects of chemotherapy?
A
- cells of the bone marrow and GI tract as they undergo more divisions
2
Q
which chemotherapy agent is toxic agains dividing and non dividing cells?
A
nitrogen mustards
3
Q
what are side effects of chemotherapy?
A
- pain
- hairloss
- mouth sores
- trouble bleeding
- weakened immune system
- nausea and vomitting
- bruising and bleeding
- rashes
- neuropathy
4
Q
what are the different mechanisms of action of chemotherapies?
A
- alkylating agents
- vinca alkaloids
- anthracyclines
- non classic alkylating agents
- podphyllotxins
- cisplatin
- bleomycin
5
Q
how do most chemotherapies work?
A
- disrupt DNA replication
- which interferes with tumour cell replication
6
Q
what are the common dose limiting toxicities of chemotherapy?
A
- bone marrowt oxicity
- nauseas and vomiting
- autonomic nervos system
- SIADH
7
Q
What are the 10 different types of therapeutic agents
A
- alkylating agents
- antimetabolites
- mitotic inhibitors
- antibiotic agents
- agents that inhibit DNA synthesis
- differentiation antigens
- hormones and hormone antagonists
- DNA topoisomerase inhibitors
- agents that inhibit DNA repair
- inhibitors of DNA methylation
8
Q
what is an example of an antimetabolite?
A
methotrexate
9
Q
what is an example of a hormone antagonist?
A
tamoxifen
10
Q
what is an example of an agent that inhibits DNA repair?
A
PARP inhibitor
11
Q
what is the mechanism of cisplatin?
A
DNA adducts and crosslinks
