leukaemia symposium Flashcards

1
Q

what does G-csf do?

A

stimulates the production of neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 3 myeloproliferative states?

A
  1. polycythemia- too many red cells
  2. thrombocytopenia= too many platelets
  3. myelofibrosis= massive spleen- occurs in later stages of both above- can progress to AML
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which mechanism is affected in myeloproliferatiev disorders?

A
  • JSK2 V617F mutation
  • affects JAKSTAT signalling
  • phosphorylation of proteins results in constitutive activation and a proliferative state
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does BCRABL appear on FISH ?

A
  • yellow signal because of overlapping red and green
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the targeted therapy for CML?

A
  • Imatinib binding to the kinase domain of bcrabl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is AML?

A

Uncontrolled proliferation of primitive cells in the bone marrow causing bone marrow failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what 3 things occur in bone marrow failure?

A

– Anaemia
– Infections
– Bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how can AML be diagnosed?

A
  • blast cells observed on a blood film
  • immunophenotyping
  • cytogenetics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are clinical features of AML?

A
  • anaemia
  • infections
  • DIC
  • Ulcers
  • infiltration
  • bruising
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 ways that AML is treated?

A
  1. Chemotherapy – kills rapidly dividing cells: – Combinationregimes
    – Myelo-ablative cycles of treatment
  2. Supportive therapy:
    – Antibiotics, antifungals
    – Transfusions of blood and platelets
  3. Stem cell transplantation: – Autograft
    – Allograft (full or reduced intensity) • Sibling
    • Matched donor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the risk of stem cell transplant for AML patients?

A

graft vs host disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is a medical emergency for AML patients?

A

neutropenic sepsis

  • Resuscitate patient with i.v. fluids if hypotensive
  • May require inotropic support on ITU
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what types of infection are AML patients at risk of?

A
  • fungal infections

- pneumocytstis pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly