Principles of Biomechanics, Osteo/Arthrokinematics Flashcards
What is biomechanics?
The study of the mechanisms of anatomical movement
What is kinesiology?
The study of human movement
What is osteokinematics?
Motion you see, observable movements of the bones, shown by a change in the joint angle.
What is arthrokinematics?
Motion you feel, unobservable accessory motion between adjacent joint spaces.
What is arthrokinematics necessary for?
full, pain free range of motion
When does arthrokinematics happen?
during all active and passive motion
True or Fasle: Arthrokinematic motion can occur independently or voluntarily
False
True or False: Arhtrokinematic motion if restricted, can limit physiological movement.
True
What is joint play?
Passive joint movement that can’t be achieved by active contraction
What is component movement?
Involuntary obligatory joint motion occurring outside the joint that accompanies active motion
What is adhesive capsulitis (AC)?
Painful and progressively restricted active and passive glenohumeral joint range of motion. Loss of more than 25% shoulder ROM in at least two directions, usuallyabduction and external rotation.
What is another name for adhesive capsulitis (AC)?
Frozen shoulder
What is an arthrokinematic roll?
When new points on one joint surface come into contact with new points on the other surface (wheel)
Rolling occurs when the two articulating surfaces are ______________.
incongruent
What is an arthrokinematic glide?
When one constant point on one surface is contacting new points or a series of points on the other surface (braking)
When does gliding occur?
When the two surfaces are congruent
What is an arthrokinematic spin?
rotation around a stationary longitudinal axis (loss of traction)
True or False: All motions require rolling and gliding to occur simultaneously.
True
The more congruent the more ____________
The more incongruent the more ___________
gliding; rolling
What are the 4 types of joint surfaces?
convex; concave; sellar; ovoid
What is an ovoid joint shape?
A joint with concave and convex articulating shapes
What is a sellar joint shape?
A saddle shape with each articular surface having a concave and convex component in a specific direction
Where do convex surfaces have more cartilage?
The center
Where do concave surfaces have more cartilage?
the periphery
When the concave surface is stationary and convex surface moves. Osteo and arthokinematic motion is in the ____________ direction.
opposite
When Convex surface is stationary and concave surface moves Osteo and Arthrokinematic motion is
_______ direction. In the Arthrokinematic mobilization Glide and Roll are in the _______ direction
same
Arthrokinematic ________ always occurs in the same direction as bone movement.
Roll
What is open (loose) packed position of a joint and what is it used for?
Position with least amount of joint surface congruency, mobilization/manipulation.
In open packed position joint play is _____________ and capsule and support ligaments are_________.
maximized; lax
What is closed packed position and what is it used for?
Position with the most amount of joint congruency; special tests
In closed packed position joint play is _____________ and capsule and support ligaments are_________.
minimized(non-existent); Maximally tight
What is a capsular pattern of restriction?
What is a capsular pattern of restriction?
What is a noncapsular pattern of restriction?
A limitation in any pattern other than capsular.