principles neurology

Question 1

away from CNS

Answer 1

efferent

Question 2

towards CNS

Answer 2

arrerent

Question 3

what is a ganglion

Answer 3

a group of nerve cell bodies that house synapses

Question 4

route of parasympathetic nerves

Answer 4

cranium - sacrum

Question 5

parasympathetic cranial nerves

Answer 5

CN3, 7, 9, 10

Question 6

parasympathetic neurotransmitter

Answer 6

ACh

Question 7

parasympathetic receptor

Answer 7

nicotinic

Question 8

short post ganglionic

Answer 8

ACh neurotransmitter, Muscularinic receptor

Question 9

functions of the parasympathetic division

Answer 9

slow HR, lower BP, arousal, salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion and defecation

Question 10

short preganglionic fibre of sympathetic is from

Answer 10

thoracolumbar

Question 11

preganglionic sympathetic receptor and neurotransmitter

Answer 11

ACh and nicotinic receptor

Question 12

long post ganglionic symapthetic

Answer 12

NA nuerotransmitter activates G protein coupled adrenics

Question 13

functions of the sympathetic system

Answer 13

increases HR and force, reduces GI motility, contrictionof sphinters, vasoconstriction but relaxation in skeleatl muscle adrealine release from the adrenal galnd, ejaculation, relaxes bronchi and decreases mucus production

Question 14

preganglionic nicotinic cholinergic

Answer 14

central cation conducting ligand gated channel

Question 15

post ganglionic muscarinic

Answer 15

activated by G protein receptors

Question 16

g protein of M1

Answer 16

Gq

Question 17

effect of M1

Answer 17

increased gastric acid secretion

Question 18

g protein of m2

Answer 18

Gi

Question 19

effect of M2

Answer 19

decreased HR

Question 20

G protein of m3

Answer 20

GQ

Question 21

effect of M3

Answer 21

increased salvary secretion and bronchial smooth muscle contraction

Question 22

sympathetic nicotinic cholinergic

Answer 22

5 glycoprotein subunits form a central cation conducting channel activated by lingand gated cahnenls

Question 23

noradrenaline trasnmission

Answer 23

adrenoceptor activation, NA reuptake by transporters u1 and U2

Question 24

metabolism of NA

Answer 24

monoamine oxidase MAO and catechol-O-methyltransferase COMT

Question 25

beta 1 receptor effect

Answer 25

increased HR and force

Question 26

beta 2 receptor effect

Answer 26

bronchial and vascular smooth muscle relaxation

Question 27

alpha 1 receptor g protein

Answer 27

Gq

Question 28

alpha 2 receptor g protein

Answer 28

Gi

Question 29

alpha 1 receptor effect

Answer 29

vascular smooth muscle contraction

Question 30

alpha 2 receptor effect

Answer 30

inhibits NA release

Question 31

cocaine effect of ANS

Answer 31

adrenoceptor stimulation, peripheral vasoconstriction a1 and cardiac arrhytmias b1

Question 32

amphetamine effect on ANS

Answer 32

adrenoceptor stimulation same as concaine ( constricts and causes cardiac arrhytmias

Question 33

effect of atenolol on ANS

Answer 33

selective competitive antagonist of b1 adrenoceptors

Question 34

effect of atropine on ANS

Answer 34

competitive muscularinic ACh receptor antagonist - blocks parasympathetic stimulation