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ENG 104: 21st Century Lit > Principles in Analyzing Literary Texts > Flashcards

Principles in Analyzing Literary Texts Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Guidelines in Approaching a Literary Text?

A
  1. Read the piece.
  2. Re-read with “literature goggles”.
  3. Re-read with a literary approach in mind.
  4. Annotate your observations, tentative analysis, or questions in the printed copy of the text.
  5. Write a thesis statement, or identify the theme.
  6. Back up with evidence from the text.
  7. Comment on how the piece reflects or not reflects reality.
  8. Evaluate the piece’s significance to the reader, the society, and the world.
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2
Q

What is the difference between Theme and Topic in a Literary Text?

A
  • Theme is the central message conveyed through the writing.
  • Topic is the subject matter discussed in the writing; what the writing is about.
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3
Q

To read a piece with “Literary Goggles” means paying attention to the:

A
  • Form
  • Theme
  • Repetition
  • Literary Devices
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4
Q

Two (2) Examples of Literary Works under Form are:

A
  • Prose
  • Poetry
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5
Q

A literary work that is spoken or written in the common flow of language in sentences and paragraphs which give information, relate events, express ideas, or present opinions.

A

Prose

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6
Q

A literary medium that corresponds closely to everyday speech patterns and is used to provide detailed descriptions of ideas, objects, or situations.

A

Prose

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7
Q

A literary work expressed in verse, measure, rhythm, sound, and imaginative language and creates an emotional response to an experience, feeling or fact.

A

Poetry

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8
Q

Types of which include sonnets, elegies, odes, etc.

A

Poetry

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9
Q

A significant truth and its nature that limits narration to what the central character thinks, feels, does, and what and whom the central character observes.

A

Theme

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10
Q

The central idea, topic, or point of a story, essay, or narrative.

A

Theme

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11
Q

Should be worded in a complete statement. As much as possible, is original.

A

Theme

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12
Q

Principles in Stating the Theme of the Story:

A
  1. It reports all major details of the story.
  2. It may be avowed [asserted] in more than one way.
  3. It is stated in complete statements.
  4. It asserts a sweeping statement about life.
  5. It avoids statements that condense the theme to some familiar adage, aphorism, dictum, maxim, saying, or value.
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13
Q

For the movie Godzilla, “Nature is a powerful force to be reckoned with” is an example of its…

A

Theme

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14
Q

Two (2) types of repetition include…

A
  • Repetition of Words
  • Repetition of Sentences
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15
Q

The six (6) Literary Devices include…

A
  • Flashback
  • Foreshadowing
  • Juxtaposition
  • Symbol
  • Imagery
  • Figures of Speech
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16
Q

Writer’s use of interruption of the chronological sequence of a story to go back to related incidents which occurred prior to the beginning of the story.

A

Flashback

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17
Q

Writer’s use of hints or clues to indicate events that will occur later in the story.

A

Foreshadowing

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18
Q

The use of this technique both creates suspense and prepares the reader for what is to come.

A

Foreshadowing

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19
Q

The placement of two or more things side by side, often in order to bring out their differences.

A

Juxtaposition

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20
Q

This literary term calls attention to two distinctly different things by placing them right beside one another.

A

Juxtaposition

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21
Q

An image that becomes so suggestive that it takes on much more meaning than its descriptive value.

A

Symbol

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22
Q

It urges the reader to look beyond the literal significance of the poem’s statement of action: the connotations of the words, repetition, placement, or other indications of emphasis.

A

Symbol

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23
Q

It is considered as the richest and at the same time the most difficult of all the poetical figures.

A

Symbol

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24
Q

The use of sensory details or descriptions that appeal tone or more of the five senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell; senses of the mind.

A

Imagery

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25
Q

There are six (6) types of Imagery. These include…

A
  • Visual Imagery
  • Auditory Imagery
  • Kinesthetic Imagery
  • Olfactory Imagery
  • Tactile Imagery
    -Gustatory Imagery
26
Q

This the most frequent type of imagery used to recreate a certain image.

A

Visual Imagery

27
Q

This is the mental representation of any sound and it is vital in imagining and feeling a situation.

A

Auditory Imagery

28
Q

It is related to smell and this imagery helps summon and deliver the smells to the reader.

A

Olfactory Imagery

29
Q

It is a broader term used to describe the sense of movement or tension.

A

Kinesthetic Imagery

30
Q

It appeals to the sense of touch by presenting attributes like hardness, softness or hot and cold sensations.

A

Tactile Imagery

31
Q

It illustrates and recreates the tastes of food or many other things.

A

Gustatory Imagery

32
Q

Specific devices or a kind of figurative language that uses words, phrases, and sentences in a non-literal definition and gives meanings in abstractions.

A

Figures of Speech

33
Q

There are sixteen (16) Types of Figures of Speech. These include…

A
  • Allusion
  • Anaphora
  • Antithesis
  • Apostrophe
  • Hyperbole
  • Irony
  • Litotes
  • Metaphor
  • Metonymy
  • Oxymoron
  • Paradox
  • Personification
  • Simile
  • Synecdoche
  • Synesthesia
  • Understatement
34
Q

A figure of speech that makes a reference to or a representation of people, places, events, literary work, myths, or works of art, either directly or by implication.

A

Allusion

35
Q

A rhetorical device that consists of repeating a sequence of words at the beginning of neighboring clauses, thereby lending them emphasis.

A

Anaphora

36
Q

A rhetorical term for the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases or clauses.

A

Antithesis

37
Q

Used when the writer employs two sentences of contrasting meanings in close proximity to one another.

A

Antithesis

38
Q

The purpose of use in literature is to create a balance between opposite qualities and lend a greater insight into the subject.

A

Antithesis

39
Q

A figure of speech in which some absent or non-existent person or thing is addressed as if present and capable of understanding or replying.

A

Apostrophe

40
Q

Involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis.

A

Hyperbole

40
Q

There are three (3) Types of Irony. These include…

A
  • Situational Irony
  • Dramatic Irony
  • Verbal Irony
41
Q

Refers to how a person, situation, statement, or circumstance is not as it would actually seem. Many times, it is the exact opposite of what it appears to be.

A

Irony

42
Q

A Type of Irony wherein a situation features a discrepancy between what is expected and what is actualized.

A

Situational Irony

43
Q

A Type of Irony wherein a character is unaware of pivotal information already revealed to the audience.

The discrepancy here lies in the two levels of awareness between the character and the audience.

A

Dramatic Irony

44
Q

A Type of Irony wherein one states one thing while meaning another. Often sarcastic.

A

Verbal Irony

45
Q

A figure of speech consisting of an ironical understatement in which affirmative is expressed by the negation of the opposite.

A

Litotes

46
Q

In this figure of speech, the usages are intentional, ironical and provide emphasis to the words. This is mainly done through double negatives.

A

Litotes

47
Q

A figure of speech involving an implied comparison between two unlike things that actually have something important in common.

A

Metaphor

48
Q

A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated.

A

Metonymy

49
Q

Also, the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it.

A

Metonymy

50
Q

A figure of speech in which two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect.

A

Oxymoron

51
Q

It is a phrase or statement that seems to be impossible or contradictory but is nevertheless true, literally or figuratively.

A

Paradox

52
Q

Paradox comes from the _______ word ________

A

Greek, Paradoxon

53
Q

What does the Greek word Paradoxon mean?

A

Contrary to expectations, existing belief or perceived opinion

54
Q

A figure of speech in which an inanimate object, an animal or idea is endowed with human qualities or abilities.

A

Personification

55
Q

A figure of speech involving a stated comparison (usually formed with “like”, “than,” or “as”) between two fundamentally dissimilar or unlike things that have certain qualities in common.

A

Simile

56
Q

A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole, the whole for a part, the specific for the general, the general for the specific, or the material for the thing made from it.

A

Synecdoche

57
Q

A figure of speech referring to a technique adopted by writers to present ideas, characters or places wherein they appeal to more than one senses like hearing, seeing, smell, etc. at a given time.

A

Synesthesia

58
Q

A figure of speech in which a writer or a speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is.

A

Understatement

59
Q

The act of marking up a text to bring attention to words, phrases, and structure that may have some importance to the overall mood or theme of a poem or any literary text.

A

Literary Annotation

ENG 104: 21st Century Lit (5 decks)

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