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REMOVABLE > principle of surveying > Flashcards

principle of surveying Flashcards

1
Q

paralleling instrument used in RPD fabrication

A

dental survey

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2
Q

dental surveyor functions

A

-survey diagnostic case
-contour wax patterns
-contour ceramic and cast restorations
-place attachments requiring parallelism
-survey master cast

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3
Q

what are the 7 objectives of surveying diagnostic cast

A
  1. determine the most acceptable path of insertion
  2. identify proximal tooth surfaces that can function as guiding planes
  3. locate and measure areas of teeth that may be used for retention
  4. determine if soft or bony areas of interferences (undercuts) exist
  5. determine most suitable path of insertion to satisfy esthetics
  6. delineate height of contour on abutment teeth
  7. record cast position to selected path of insertion (tripod cast)
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4
Q

diagnostic cast survey procedures:

A
  1. path of insertion determined
  2. mark height of contour/survey line
  3. measure/mark retentive undercut
  4. tripod cast
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5
Q

this is based on guiding planes, retentive undercut, interferences, esthetics

A

path of insertion determined

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6
Q

the direction in which the RPD is inserted and removed from the abutment teeth

A

path of insertion

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7
Q

patient is unable to open mouth sufficiently to accommodate when

A

there is an exaggerated tilt to path of insertion

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8
Q

path of insertion 4 factors

A
  1. guiding planes
  2. retentive undercuts
  3. interferences
  4. esthetics
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9
Q

parallel, flattened surfaces at proximal or axial surfaces of teeth

A

guiding planes

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10
Q

contacts minor connectors aka guiding plates

A

guiding planes

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11
Q

the greater number of guiding planes, the

A

path of insertion is more specific

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12
Q

guiding planes increase

A

RPD stability and retention

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13
Q

the guiding planes are identified by tilting cast in

A

tilting cast in anterior-posterior direction until max parallelism of proximal surfaces

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14
Q

what is used to identify potential surfaces that can be converted to guiding planes by selective grinding in occlusal 1/3 to 1/2

A

analyzing rods

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15
Q

the final orientation for guiding planes is rarely > ______ degrees from horizontal

A

10-15 degrees

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16
Q

RPD mechanical retention provided by ____ that engages retentive undercut

A

clasp

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17
Q

this resist RPD dislodging forces

A

clasp that engages retentive undercuts

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18
Q

where do undercut area lies

A

between survey line and gingival margin

19
Q

line encircling a tooth that designates its greatest diameter at a selected position determined by a dental surveyor

A

survey line

20
Q

what will be changed if the axial inclination is changed

A

survey line

21
Q

portion of tooth above height of contour

A

suprabulge area

22
Q

portion of tooth below height of contour in relation to path of insertion

A

infrabluge area

23
Q

what area is the retentive undercut within

A

infrabulge

24
Q

where is the retentive clasp tip found

A

in infrabulge
(contact tooth below survey line)

25
Q

where ideally is the retentive undercut within

A

within gingival 1/3 at least 1mm from gingival margin

26
Q

how should cast tilt to equally distribute retentive undercut to abutments

A

not vary far from horizontal

27
Q

illusion of undercut due to excessive cast tile
-will not exist clinically
-awkward path of insertion and pt unable to place RPD

A

false undercut

28
Q

what are the typical interference areas

A

-lingually-inclined mand teeth
-buccally-inclined max teeth
-bony buccal exotoses, tori
-height of contour toot high, clasp would be placed too high
-tissue undercut area of bar clasp

29
Q

locate and eliminate interferences such as teeth, soft tissue, and exostoses when

A

after tilt of cast/change path of insertion

maintain cast tilt, eliminate by surgery or recontouring of teeth

30
Q

if there is inadequate space for natural tooth width, do what

A

recontour proximal surfaces to restore lost dimension

31
Q

this indicates survery line of abutment teeth at chosen path of insertion

A

side of carbon marker
(tip of marker will produce incorrect survey line)

32
Q
A
33
Q

where is the survey line located

A

junction of middle and gingival 1/3

34
Q

where retentive clasp located?
reciprocal clasp located?

A

retentive: proximal 2/3 of retentive about survey line and tip in infrabulge or gingival 1/3

reciprocal: middle 1/3 above survey line

35
Q

if the survey line at the chosen path of insertion is too near occlusal surface, what does this mean

A

the clasp is too high on the tooth which can interfere with occlusion, increase leverage on tooth, and tooth recontoured to lower survey line

36
Q

if the survey line at chosen path of insertion is too low:

A

no undercuts exist, survey line is at/near gingival margin, cannot use enameoplasty to change, requires surveyed crown!!

37
Q

amount of undercut varies depending on clasp type:

A

0.01 for Cr-Co or Ni-Cr cast clasp
0.02 or 0.03 for wrought wire clasp

38
Q

if inadequate retentive undercut

A
  1. enameoplasty to create undercut (dimple)
  2. addition of composite at site to create undercut
    -surveyed crown
39
Q

records tilt of cast at chosen path of insertion
so can reestablish path of insertion

A

tripod cast

40
Q

what are the 2 methods of tripoding casts

A
  1. adjust height of vertical arm: marker touches 3 widely separate tissue surface areas in one plane
    then circle each tripod mark
  2. UMKC method
    draw vertical lines parallel to analyzing rod on 3 sides of cast (lines widely separated)
41
Q

after surveying is complete what are applied to design RPD

A

mechanical and biologic principles

RPD is then drawn on diagnostic cast

42
Q

color code for RPD design

A

blue:
metal framework
wrought wire clasp

red:
indicate retentive undercut
indicate tooth modification areas
guiding planes, survey line reposition, rest seat areas

black:
survey line
tripod marks
soft tissue undercuts

43
Q

what do you do after mouth preparations are complete

A

impressions for master cast

resurvey master cast:
-align guiding planes
-mark retentive undercuts
-mark survey line
-tripod cast

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