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Pediatrics - MINE > Primitive Reflexes > Flashcards

Primitive Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

Moro is also known as

A

“Startle Reflex”

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2
Q

Moro onset

A

birth

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3
Q

Moro integration

A

4 months

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4
Q

When do you test Moro Reflex

A

Last or towards the end of the exam

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5
Q

Moro testing procedure and Response

A

Procedure: Place child on back gently lift head off mat.
The head is then released suddenly, allowed to fall backward for a moment, but quickly supported again.
Response: Baby is startled. Arms should move sideways with the palms up and the thumbs flexed. The baby may cry for a minute.

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6
Q

How Moro reflex helps development:

A

Involuntary reaction to threat, Fight or Flight, Startle

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7
Q

Moro Functional Implications

A

Motion sickness, poor balance/coordination, delayed equilibrium & righting responses, auditory hypersensitivity, poor auditory discrimination, difficulty with transitions, hypersensitivity may be seen in only one sense

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8
Q

Moro Global Manifestations

A

Dislike change or surprise, Allergies, lowered immunity, ear infection, parents walk on eggshells to keep the world right for their kids, need to control, poor stamina, low self-esteem, difficulty making decisions, “glued” to mom or teacher, sedentary.

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9
Q

ATNR is also know as

A

“Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex” or “The Fencing Pose”

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10
Q

ATNR onset

A

Birth

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11
Q

ATNR Integration

A

6 months

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12
Q

ATNR Testing Procedure and Response

A

Procedure: Place child on back, gently turn head to one side
Response: UE flexion on opposite side of head turn and UE extension on side head is turned toward

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13
Q

How ATNR helps development:

A
  • Helps develop muscle tone
  • provides vestibular stimulation
  • develops balance
  • decreases chances of breech birth
  • initiates eye hand activities/coordination
  • helps initiate rolling
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14
Q

If ATNR is not integrated:

A
  • Delayed eye-hand skills
  • poor mid-line development
  • difficulty crossing mid-line with hands and eyes
  • difficulty with auditory processing
  • poor organization
  • when reaching one are extends and the other retracts
  • one leg left behind during crawling
  • turning body while drawing/writing
  • not spontaneously using non-dominant hand to assist
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15
Q

Spinal Galant onset

A

Birth / in utero

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16
Q

Spinal Galant integration

A

3 months

17
Q

Spinal Galant testing procedure and response

A

Procedure: Stroke down the back from below the shoulder to the base of the lumbar region at a distance of ½ inch from the spine, first on one side, then on the other. Repeat the procedure up to 3 times (repetition beyond this can fail to elicit the reaction even though the reflex is present).
Response: Infant will laterally flex toward stimulated side.

18
Q

How Spinal Galant helps development:

A

Thought to take an active part in birthing process by stimulating lumbar region causing rotational movement of hips.

19
Q

Spinal Galant underdeveloped

A
  • Contributes to hyper-tonicity
  • Strong ATNR and STNR
  • Impeded cross patterns for crawling and creeping
20
Q

Spinal Galant retained

A
  • Fidgeting
  • Bed Wetting
  • Poor concentration and short term memory
  • Hip rotation to one side when walking
  • Child may only wear sweatpants (worn low) to avoid stimulation of lumbar region
21
Q

TLR onset

A

Utero

22
Q

TLR integration

A

3 years

23
Q

TLR testing procedure and response

A 
Test: Place child on back, and lift up into sitting position
Response: Flexor tone will dominate
OR
Test: Place child on tummy
Response: Extensor tone will dominate
24
Q

How TLR helps development

A

A response to gravity:

  • Movement of head above the spine: extension.
  • Movement of the head below the spine: flexion.
25
Q

If Moro reflex isn’t integrated, which other reflex probably won’t be integrated?

A

TLR

26
Q

Flexor TLR not integrated

A
  • Slouched posture
  • Low muscle tone
  • Dislike of physical activity
  • Stuck in flexion
27
Q

Extensor TLR not integrated

A
  • Toe walking
  • High muscle tone
  • Dislike of physical activity
  • Stuck in extension
  • Poor organizational skills
  • Motion sickness
28
Q

Landau Reflex onset

A

4 months

29
Q

Landau Reflex integration

A

12 months or 1 year

30
Q

Landau Reflex test and response

A

Test: Suspend infant horizontally in prone position
Response: Extension of head, neck, and trunk

31
Q

How Landau Reflex helps development:

A
  • Assists with posture development, sitting and walking

- Helps inhibit TLR

32
Q

If Landau Reflex is not integrated:

A
  • Poor muscle tone causing chronic back and neck pain
  • Tension and hyperextension of the legs accompanied by stiffness of the lower body
  • Affects development of balance
  • Ability to flex leg muscles correctly
  • Vertical eye tracking
  • A limitation of the field of vision
  • Poor at sports
  • Stiff awkward movements in lower half of body
  • Difficulty in hopping, jumping
33
Q

STNR is also know as

A

“Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex” or “Dog crawling under a fence”

34
Q

STNR onset

A

6 months

35
Q

STNR integration

A

11 months

36
Q

STNR test and response

A

Test: Place child in sitting and tip forward
Response: Neck and arms flex, legs extend
OR
Test: Place child in sitting and tip backward
Response: Neck and arms extend, legs flex

37
Q

STNR is the body trying to keep itself ________ & ________

A

Symmetrical & Balanced

38
Q

How STNR help development:

A
  • Allows child to defy gravity and assume quadruped
  • Integrated as child begins to crawl
  • Job is to disassociate upper extremities from lower extremities, Integrated when rocking back and forth on hands and knees
39
Q

If STNR is not integrated:

A
  • “W” sitting (this position inhibits STNR)
  • Poor posture
  • Hands in pocket
  • Bunny hop instead of crawl
  • Difficulty sitting still
  • Falls out of chair
  • Clumsy
  • Poor balance
  • Not into sports because can’t rely on body
  • Behavior problems
  • Poor eye hand coordination
  • Difficulty copying
  • Difficulty sitting for fine motor activities

Pediatrics - MINE (5 decks)

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